Ing. Martin Dobiáš, Ph.D.

Data comprise intracranial EEG (iEEG) brain activity represented by stereo EEG (sEEG) signals, recorded from over 100 electrode channels implanted in any one patient across various brain regions. The iEEG signals were recorded in epilepsy patients (N = 10) undergoing invasive monitoring and localization of seizures when they were performing a battery of four memory tasks lasting approx. 1 hour in total. Gaze tracking on the task computer screen with estimating the pupil size was also recorded together with behavioral performance. Each dataset comes from one patient with anatomical localization of each electrode contact. Metadata contains labels for the recording channels with behavioral events marked from all tasks, including timing of correct and incorrect vocalization of the remembered stimuli. The iEEG and the pupillometric signals are saved in BIDS data structure to facilitate efficient data sharing and analysis.

There are not many studies dealing with a comparison of the eye movements of individuals with dyslexia and developmental language disorder (DLD). The aim of this study is to compare the eye movements in the two most common language disorders, dyslexia and DLD and to consider their contribution to diagnostics. In the research the oculomotor test was administered to 60 children with the clinical diagnosis of dyslexia or DLD and 58 typically developing children (controls). The test included a prosaccadic task, antisaccadic task and a nonverbal sequential task with self-regulation of the pace. Controls could be singled out from other two clinical groups by means of the oculomotor imaging. Both of the clinical groups in comparison with the controls were characterized by worse overall performance. Through the employment of the oculomotor it was possible to differentiate between both of the clinical groups. The dyslexics had an overall worse oculomotor performance than the DLD group. The results of the study show that the oculomotor test has the potential to contribute to diagnostics of dyslexia and DLD and the screening of these disorders at pre-school age.

Decision-making processes and decisions are the subject of long-term investigations by research teams and research centers all over the world. For centuries, various theories have been constructed, which first of all started out from the premise that during decision making we consider all the pros and cons, therefore that we behave logically and that our decision making is governed purely by reason (Lehrer, 2009). However, with the advance of scientific research, it has been determined and demonstrated that in decision making a role is played not only by rational behavior, but that another and no less significant role is played by our emotions and feelings (Bechara, 2004). For each correct decision, it applies that both sides of our brain should be used, and that it depends on the given situation as to when which side should take the lead. In connection with the development of eye-tracking technologies, new possibilities are constantly opening up for their application in practice. This study sets as its target a contribution to decoding the processes that take place precisely at the moment of decision making itself, whether it is possible to predict the choice or decision in advance, and whether it is possible to assess a certain characteristic according to the identified behavior with the aid of eye-tracking.

Abstract: Success in solving problems depends on the strategy that we choose when looking for the right solution. In identifying strategies, we used records of eye movements during test problems, inspired by Raven’s Progressive Matrices. The participants in research had to choose the right solution from 6 alternatives as part of 10 different problems. The results of the research showed that a strategy in which the person tested spends more time looking at the task itself (rather than the alternative solutions) is a more successful strategy. We can therefore predict success of resolution based on the ratio of time that we devote to the task before us to our interest in possible solutions.

This paper is focused on the presentation of selected results and experience gained during the project no. TA01011138 supported by TA CR. The following is a description of the technology, the proposed method of measurement, including experience gained from the experiment carried out with children. Part of the text are also selected results in relation to their use in practice.

Exploring the emotions that can be induced by properly designed marketing communication messages is a modern and very interesting area of research in marketing. For measurements of the induced emotions various medical devices are used (eg, EEG, MRI, etc.) that can influence the natural behavior of the respondent in the course of the experiment. The following text aims to introduce the possibility of identifying other emotions that may be hidden in pupil size and its changes. An eye camera allows measurement of changes in pupil size depending on the projected visual stimulus. This paper presents the possibility of using eye cameras to identify the emotions that are demonstrated in an experiment carried out with known and unknown logos respectively.

The eye tracking principles follow up the idea of pupil as a direct actuator. System of eye nerves is one of the closest to the brain, therefore its reaction time should be one of the shortest. Different methods are being used to measure eye movement, such as infrared-oculography, magneto-oculography, electro-oculography, or video oculography (VOG). Last method uses a camera device to capture images of eye movement. These images are analyzed afterwards, to determine trajectory of eye ball. Our research team has developed such device called I4Tracking®. This device contains high definition high speed digital camera with analyzing and visualizing software. The whole process of determination, where are people looking, uses simple mathematical and geometrical models connected into one complex solution. It starts with calibration before every measurement. It does not compute center of pupil, only tests if data needed for processing are valid. Different calibration method can reach better outputs in different environment. I4Tracking® has actually implemented two different methods based on 9 or 5 calibration points. 9 points method works as simple linearization process. New five point calibration is now being tested. It is based on mathematical model derived from 3D model of human head, eyeball and camera positions. Its theoretical preciseness is nearly 100%, but depends on sufficient number of prepared 3D simulations. At first point, black filled object is created from eye movement trajectory simulation. This picture is imported into Matlab to define x,y positions of each point. All coordinates are mapped to rectangle matrix afterwards. Detection algorithm finds only nearest neighbor by splitting space into two cells and coparing. Second stage is recording, which is realized by high speed camera capturing between 1 and 87 frames per second using 720x482 pixels resolution.

Exploring the emotions that can be induced by properly designed marketing communication messages is a modern and very interesting area of research in marketing. For measurements of the induced emotions various medical devices are used (eg, EEG, MRI, etc.) that can influence the natural behavior of the respondent in the course of the experiment. The following text aims to introduce the possibility of identifying other emotions that may be hidden in pupil size and its changes. An eye camera allows measurement of changes in pupil size depending on the projected visual stimulus. This paper presents the possibility of using eye cameras to identify the emotions that are demonstrated in an experiment carried out with known and unknown logos respectively.

The publication describes a new instrumentation requirements for specialized medical practices and conform to hygienic requirements, metrology, safety and functional checks of sophisticated medical devices. In addition, it provided new information technologies that are used in medical practice, etc. The publication of journals published as a supplement intervention and acute kardilologie, Surgeons, Medical Practice, Internal Medicine for practice, for practice, Pediatrics, Urology Practice, Neurology in practice.

The system I4Control(R) represents a novel type of computer periphery (an assistive technology), which enables handicapped people with various disabilities to control of a personal computer through movement of eyes or head. Since it emulates computer mouse, it provides its user by a unique chance to communicate with all installed SW applications by means of his/her eye movements. The system is based on the video-oculographic method of recording eye movements with a tiny camera, which catches up to the frame of spectacles. It is a simple, non-invasive and accurate method for monitoring eye movement. This solution does not require fixing the head.

Vision is among the most powerful sources of information provided by human senses. As much as 70 percent of stimuli come from the eyes and eye movements following the object of interest. The task of tracking eye movements in dependence on a visual stimulus is useful primarily in medical diagnosis and therapy, followed by scientific research and industry. The eye camera - the system I4Control(R) is a modern technical product enabling tracking eye movements and measuring of the size of the pupil. The supplementary computer application, I4Tracking(R), stimulates such movements visually, records them and evaluates the data collected.

Dyslexia is a developmental disorder of reading, either congenital or acquired brain damage. This is a limited ability to learn to read despite normal intelligence, good health and spirits, offer adequate training, motivation and effort exerted by concerned individuals. It is subject to disturbances in basic cognitive abilities, but their cause is the most common inheritance. It may be a disorder caused by changes in the structure and function of the central nervous system that often arise during pregnancy or around birth, lack of development of some mental functions. Some individuals may rectify the fault, while others persist in some form into adulthood. According to statistics, at 5-15% of the population can be diagnosed with some form and degree of specific developmental dyslexia. It is a very serious and widespread disorder, which is needed as soon as possible to discover, to prevent and avoid unnecessary psychological cause damage of late diagnosis.

With the advancement of new technologies and also with the possibility to use computer technology, simple devices are being used for new research methods. These methods are not only used in electrical engineering, but also in medicine or marketing. One of such devices is the eye camera.

The system I4Control(R) represents a novel type of computer periphery (an assistive technology), which enables handicapped people with various disabilities to control of a personal computer through movement of eyes or head. Since it emulates computer mouse, it provides its user by a unique chance to communicate with all installed SW applications by means of his/her eye movements. The system is based on the video-oculographic method of recording eye movements with a tiny camera, which catches up to the frame of spectacles. It is a simple, non-invasive and accurate method for monitoring eye movement. This solution does not require fixing the head.

The paper deals with a analysis of stated gauges in health service. Individual types of stated gauges are discussed and the system of metrological control of medical devices is analysed.

The paper deals with a management system for checking medical devices in health services in Czech Republic. Every medical institution use medical devices for a therapy. The main sense of the system is securing safety and correct functionality of each medical device for patients, nurses or doctors.

The paper deals with possibilities of using outsourcing in national metrology system in Czech Republic. The main task of national metrology system is securing uniformity and accuracy of measurement in the country.

NIBP devices are according the czech laws stated to regularly metrological check. This devices are used to the health protection. The article deals with using NIBP devices in Czech Republic. There are described some of problems, which be created by incoming Czech Republic to EU.

Measurement of blood pressure belongs to the routine procedures in all types of medical establishments. Medical stuff in the Czech Republic is very well educated in this procedure. Unfortunately, not enough attention is usually paid to the measuring equipment itself. Being not informed about principles and recommended maintenance of the measuring devices may cause serious problems. Long-time reliability and precision can be assured by regular metrological validations of the pressure meters. These regular validations are even ordered by the Czech Law. Therefore, undergoing the regular metrological validation not only prevents medical establishments from penalties or legal cases, but it can assure blood pressure measurement using high-quality and precise measuring equipment.

A question of doing proper inspections and revisions of medical devices according to the valid Czech legislation is remote and unclear especially for medical ordinations keepers - doctors. The article deals with the described problems and it acquaints a reader with actual legislative terms and execution directives, notably with intervals, in which the given inspections and revisions should be done, who is allowed to do them and how test certificates should look like.

The paper deals with possibilities of using outsourcing in metrology. In general, there are three categories of services, which can be used in outsourcing. The first one is a metrological verifying of gauges, which must be according to the law regularly check. The second one is etalons calibration, reference gauges calibration and reference materials calibration. The third group is a entire securing of metrology. It means to build up a metrological laboratory and keeping it in a required status for the execute measurement. The small manufacturing company do not have employees with an adequate qualification to produce the measuring, which is needed. This manufacturing company must use services of an extra companies for securing all the metrology.