Persons

doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.

All publications

Input Currents of CMOS SAR ADC in Microcontroller, their Measurement and Behavior Model from Users Point of View

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2024.115143
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2024.115143
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    The article introduces possible issue of internal CMOS SAR microcontroller's ADC input currents. It describes a nature of the ADC input current and its dependence on a sampling frequency. Methods for measurement of parameters such as input charge, residual voltage, and equivalent capacitance of sample-hold circuits are presented and used in the proposed simplified model of ADC input behavior. These parameters, which are not listed in datasheets, if not respected in data acquisition designs, can adversely affect how the ADC is used when measuring signal sources with nonnegligible internal resistance. The article also explains how to solve a voltage measurement on a source with high internal resistance even in a situation where, according to datasheets, it should already have limitations. The proposed simplified CMOS SAR ADC input behavior model in an MCU can help users in MCU-based data acquisition system design.

ADC Input Currents Measurement

  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    The contribution introduces the possible issue of internal CMOS Successive Approximation Register microcontroller's Analog-to-Digital Converters input currents. If the microcontroller also contains a multiplexer, it can lead to consequences caused by the sample-and-hold block that is part of a charge redistribution Analog-to-Digital Converter. The article presents its nature, the possibility of its measurement, and a simplified model of such an MCU analog inputs behavior. The simplified model and derived formulas can help the unacquainted user in a data acquisition system with the MCU design when measuring signal sources with non-negligible internal resistance. The introduced parameters, which cannot be found in datasheets, can be essential for users.

High-speed Equivalent-time Sampling Virtual Instrument Based on Microcontroller ADC

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2023.113392
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2023.113392
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    The paper describes the utilization of high-speed Equivalent-Time Sampling (ETS) in Software-Defined Instruments used for virtual instrumentation - typically oscilloscopes. With the increasing performance and expansion of peripherals of microcontrollers (MCU), it is possible to realize measuring instruments only with MCU itself. A solution to MCUs' Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) maximal sampling frequency limitations in digitizing quick transient responses is presented. The principle of ETS with all derived equations is discussed and explained, as well as the ADC input model and real properties of software-defined oscilloscope from an ETS point of view. All the ideas are practically verified on different MCUs (Raspberry PI PICO, STM32, Arduino). The use of ETS for circuit behavior analysis where an MCU with internal peripherals (generator with pulse-width modulation and ADC) is used for a test signal generation and data digitization may increase the equivalent sampling rate of the internal ADC up to tens of MSa/s.

Increasing of Sampling Rate of Internal ADC in Microcontrollers by Equivalent-Time Sampling

  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    The paper describes the Equivalent-Time Sampling (ETS) in Software-Defined Instruments (SDI) - typically oscilloscopes. It introduces a possible solution of the microcontrollers drawback caused by the maximal sampling frequency and its limitations in digitizing quick transient responses. The principle of ETS used in microcontrollers is explained, and the jitter effect is taken into account. Analog-to-digital converter input model and real properties of software-defined oscilloscope from ETS point of view are introduced and explained. In the system for circuit behavior analysis as a step response, where a microcontroller with internal peripherals (pulse-width modulation and analog-to-digital converter) is used for a test signal generation and data digitization, the use of ETS may increase the equivalent sampling rate of the internal analog-to-digital converter up to tens of MSa/s.

Online Teaching of Practical Classes Under the Covid-19 Restrictions

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2022.100378
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2022.100378
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    COVID -19 pandemic and its restrictions bring new challenges to all aspects and phases of higher education. At universities, new remote formats have been developed and deployed for lectures and laboratory exercises. This article addresses challenges and introduces the new experience with lectures and laboratory classes during the pandemic time at the Department of Measurement of the Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Electrical Engineering. Based on the student survey of more than 250 students describes the possibilities of how to adapt the lectures during the lockdown. The article also introduces the Home Lab, a tool developed in the department that helps in distance teaching practical electronic classes. Home Lab includes two parts with functional groups, a Laboratory Experimental Device and a System of Measurement Instruments. The article also shows the opportunity for suitable remote exercises and variants of circuits that can be easily assembled and measured using Software Defined Instrument based on various microcontrollers. A detailed description of all Software Defined Instruments is also present. During the Pandemic, the home lab model was successfully practically verified during distance learning in three subjects, with more than 150 students per semester. It has also been shown that the Home Lab can be successfully deployed for a semester project. The article also presents experience with the teaching software-oriented courses. At the end of the article, practical knowledge and an experience from distance teaching during a three-semester lockdown are shared.

Online teaching at CTU in Prague aka university under COVID restrictions

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2021.100121
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2021.100121
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    Covid-19 related restrictions bring new challenges to all aspects and phases of higher education. At universities, new remote formats are deployed or even developed both for lectures and laboratory exercises. This article addresses new challenges and describes the experience with lessons during the pandemic time at the Department of Measurement of the Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Electrical Engineering. It introduces the best practices exercised using the Home Lab, which helps in distance teaching of practical electronic classes. Home Lab includes two models with functional groups, a Laboratory Experimental Device and System of Measurement Instruments. The article also shows the possibilities of suitable remote exercises and variants of circuits that can be easily assembled and measured using Software Defined Instrument based on STM microcontrollers. During the pandemic, the home lab model was successfully practically verified during distance learning in three classes, with more than 150 students. The article also presents experience with the teaching of software-oriented courses. At first glance, their transformation can be viewed as straightforward. However, practical realization reveals few remarkable details.

Practical Courses Teaching methods During the COVID-19 at the Department of Measurement of FEE CTU

  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically changed or even temporarily stopped teaching at many universities overnight. This situation was especially challenging for technical universities with a lot of practical activities and laboratory exercises, as it required the creation of a stable and full-fledged online education system. Everything that has taken place so far in the form of direct contact, from lectures, seminars, practical demonstrations, and laboratory exercises, through written tests to oral exams, had to be digitized, not to mention other legal and administrative processes for teaching. A significant advantage of FEE CTU was that the vast majority of teachers already had previous experience in providing online education and had a number of tools that could be used for this purpose. However, the rapid transition from full-time to distance learning required a reassessment of the concept of teaching organization and the provision of a number of related activities, especially in the field of communication, planning of educational activities and selection of appropriate methods.

Characterization of circular array current transducers

  • DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2019.8706029
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2019.8706029
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    This paper is evaluating different aspects affecting the performance of circular arrays of magnetic sensors used for contactless current transducer. Some of these error mechanisms are quantified using analytical expressions to provide designers with theoretical upper limits of achievable accuracy. Novel method of misalignment compensation using multi-axial sensors is presented. Measurements were performed with different sensor arrays to verify theoretical assumptions and determine limiting factors for real-world application of yokeless transducers.

F0-Lab - the simple tool for laboratory experiments in measurement and instrumentation

  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2530621
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2530621
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    Platform F0-Lab including LEO (Little Embedded Oscilloscope) was designed and developed to substitute a professional set of instruments in experiments concerning electronics, measurement, and instrumentation. It is based on a microcontroller, which includes the sufficiently fast ADC. It enables to realize (in connection with PC) a simple DC voltmeter, a digitizing oscilloscope, a waveform recorder, and a PWM signal generator. The microcontroller can be placed in a solderless breadboard where the student realizes experimental circuits. The PC controls this virtual instrument, displaying results and supplying the power of the entire set using USB. F0-Lab is successfully used for three years and more than 300 various implementations have been already realized.

How to Support Interest in Engineering in Secondary Education

  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2528379
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2528379
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    Two activities, how to increase interest in the study of electrical engineering and electronics, are described in the paper: workshops for teachers and participation in the Embedded Technology Club for students. Workshops for teachers acquaint them with the utilization of IT in a laboratory education, to make it more attractive and so to increase the interest of students to study natural sciences or engineering. The educational low-cost laboratory system and its applications in laboratories are presented during the workshop. The Embedded Technology Club (ETC) is a club intended as for students of secondary schools, who has an interest in electronics, as for other persons interested in this area. The business is focused both on education in the fundamentals of up-to-date design, development, and programming of electronic devices and solving some more simple projects concerning instrumentation. Activities are designed so that also students of secondary schools, who have no experience with electronics, but only basic knowledge in physics, can take part in. The priority is to have the interest to learn new things and to get hands-on experience.

Preparatory Course “Practical Electronics” Focused on Measurement and Instrumentation

  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2528387
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2528387
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    The one-week intensive preparatory course “Practical Electronics” focused on measurement and instrumentation, which is designed especially for school-leavers of secondary schools (high schools in the USA), is described in the article. In many cases students, who are coming at the CTU in Prague, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, have only a vague idea of electronics despite they use electronic devices every day. The course is organized before the 1st semester and only basic secondary education in physics is supposed. It is divided between a theoretical part and a laboratory work. Each day starts with two hours lecture, where the actual laboratory work is explained. The following activities run in laboratories. A set of necessary components, solderless breadboard, connecting wires, and a low-cost multimeter are prepared for each student. While the 1st day is devoted to the connection of the simplest electric circuits and voltage measurements using a low-cost multimeter, the 2nd day starts with connecting of the virtual measuring instrument (VI) based on a microcontroller, which includes a simple DC voltmeter, a digitizing oscilloscope, and a pulse generator. It is used in tasks solved in the following part of the course.

The new subject at the Czech Technical University in Prague: laboratories of industrial electronics and sensors

  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2530690
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2530690
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    The subject of the Industrial Electronics and Sensors Laboratory has been designed to be focused on the practical part of the teaching. Here we describe its concept, used equipment and task examples. Experience gathered during subject first run is reported, including final students’ feedback.

Magnetopneumography Using Optical Position Reference

  • DOI: 10.1166/sl.2013.2805
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.1166/sl.2013.2805
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    The presented development utilizes a smart camera and retro-reflective optical markers for independent measurement of the subject body position during magnetic field scanning. This is critical in order to avoid distorting of geometrical ordering of the measured data by inadvertent movement of the subject on scanning bed in both lateral and angular way.

Magnetopneumography - Incorporation of Optical Position Reference

  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    Magnetopneumography is a non-invasive method for estimation of amount and spatial distribution of ferromagnetic dusts deposited in lungs of metal workers. Our setup consisting of a set of fluxgate probes is sensitive enough to detect remanent fields of small amounts of previously magnetized magnetite dust. Utilization of a smart camera and retro-reflective optical markers makes the scanning independent of operator's errors and helps to scan the magnetic field independently of the actual subject body position on the bed.

Synchronization of Distributed Systems Using GPS

  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    The synchronization of large systems is important for recording of dynamic actions and data acquisition of physical quantities over a wide geographical area. The chapter deals with synchronization of distributed measurement systems, especially synchronization using PTP (Precise Time Protocol, IEEE 1588). A practical case study presents a Master Clock module synchronized by GPS receiver. This module works as a high quality time base for PTP based system.

Cost-effective Image Acquisition System for Precise PC-based Measurement

  • Authors: Pribula, O., Šedivý, J., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Przeglad Elektrotechniczny. 2011, 87(7), 259-263. ISSN 0033-2097.
  • Year: 2011
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    Image sensors based on the CMOS technology became commonly used sources of image information in PC-based vision systems. Image information is converted directly on the chip to the stream of synchronous digital data which can be transferred to the PC using the cost-effective interface introduced in this contribution. CMOS image sensor together with the developed interface can be considered as a simple image acquisition system - USB camera matching all features of distributed image acquisition and processing model described in this article. Concept of the USB camera is enhanced by additional data merged with each image frame transferred to the PC. This feature makes the developed device suitable for tasks where the precise timing of image acquisition together with an external synchronization is required.

Optical Position Sensor Based on Digital Image Processing: Magnetic Field Mapping Improvement

  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    Optical position measurement system for an automated magnetic field mapping apparatus based on fluxgate sensors is presented. For the exact position estimation of the sensor head, a simple smart camera was developed with respect to minimal hardware configuration and real-time execution of position measurement algorithm. The camera is observing the mapped scene and evaluates position of the sensor head using an active marker. The sensor head is designed as movable, what allows keeping the scene fixed and exactly referenced to the mapped magnetic field using coordinates obtained from image. With image sensor fixed 2.5 m above the plane and range ±130 mm around the lens optical axis (image center), the total position measurement error is less than 0.5 mm. The research was realized within the scope of the task 5.6 'Optical measurement', a part of the MSM6840770015 project, GACR project GD102/09/H082.

Precise Subpixel Position Measurement with Linear Interpolation of CMOS Sensor Image Data

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Pribula, O.
  • Publication: Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems (IDAACS). Piscataway: IEEE, 2011. pp. 500-504. ISBN 978-1-4577-1423-8.
  • Year: 2011
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    In the industrial automation it is often required to provide high precision measurements of objects positions and sizes. As a reasonable contactless method measurement based on digital image processing is used. In praxis the image-based measurement of physical quantities can replace expensive mechanical sensors. From the construction point of view it is reasonable to use CMOS image sensor for camera construction. The basic drawback of these sensors is not homogenous pixel photosensitivity distribution. This feature is especially crucial when subpixel measurement resolution required. Linear interpolation as one of possible methods results estimation on CMOS image data is discussed in this paper. Having realized a realworld experiment with a precise micro-positioning unit the practical results of measurement are presented and limitations of method discussed.

Real Time Precise Position Measurement Based on Low-Cost CMOS Image Sensor

  • Authors: Pribula, O., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: 2011 18th International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing. Sarajevo: University of Sarajevo, 2011. pp. 119-122. 1. ISSN 2157-8672. ISBN 978-9958-9966-3-4.
  • Year: 2011
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    Construction of an embedded position measurement sensor based on the real-time image processing and a low-cost CMOS image sensor is presented in this work. Position measurement task is simplified with the use of assisted videometry concept - the target object is equipped with an additional marker (active or passive). An effective implementation of algorithm for the marker position estimation for Digital Signal Processor Blackfin(R) is presented. Having realized a set of measurements in the real-world conditions it has been shown that achievable linearity of the position measurement in the short-range of 7 pixels is about 1/52 of pixel with pixelsize dependent period of linearity error. Position measurement resolution is better than 1/200 of pixel.

Real Time Precise Position Measurement Based on Low-Cost CMOS Image Sensor

  • Authors: Pribula, O., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: 2011 18th International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing. Sarajevo: University of Sarajevo, 2011. pp. 119-122. 1. ISBN 978-9958-9966-1-0.
  • Year: 2011
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    Construction of an embedded position measurement sensor based on the real-time image processing and a low-cost CMOS image sensor is presented in this work. Position measurement task is simplified with the use of assisted videometry concept - the target object is equipped with an additional marker (active or passive). An effective implementation of algorithm for the marker position estimation for Digital Signal Processor Blackfin(R) is presented. Having realized a set of measurements in the real-world conditions it has been shown that achievable linearity of the position measurement in the short-range of +-7 pixels is about 1/52 of pixel with pixelsize dependent period of linearity error. Position measurement resolution is better than 1/200 of pixel.

Alternative Tools For Embedded Signal Processing Applications Development: Evaluation Of Image Processing Performance on Blackfin DSP

  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    Digital signal processors are becoming more and more popular for different kind of applications. An important criterion which influences a final hardware platform choice is also price and availability of development tools. One of advantageous alternatives for hardware platform is the BlackfinŸ processor family. Its manufacturer (Analog Devices, Inc.) offers an integrated development environment, but its higher price is limiting the use in cost sensitive projects. This paper investigates the use of an alternative software development tool - GNU tool chain for BlackfinŸ processors family. The main focus is on the comparison between the commercial product and its GNU alternative. The final code performance and optimization for image-processing code is also discussed.

An Embedded Stereovision System: Aspects of Measurement Precision

  • Authors: Pohanka, J., Pribula, O., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Proceedings of the 12th Biennial Baltic Electronics Conference. Tallin: Tallin University of Technology, 2010. p. 157-161. ISSN 1736-3705. ISBN 978-1-4244-7357-1.
  • Year: 2010
  • DOI: 10.1109/BEC.2010.5630305
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.1109/BEC.2010.5630305
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    This work describes design of a simple embedded stereo vision sensor - smart camera that can be used for spatial measurement. The system consists of a single core DSP processor and can work in several different setups because of its modular conception. The camera performs all computations itself and it is able to transmit the measurement results to a master unit using various interfaces including USB 2.0 High Speed and ethernet. Basic aspects influencing the overall accuracy of 3D position measurement are discussed in the contribution. This work is primarily focused on a simple task of object position evaluation in 3D. The problem is significantly simplified by utilizing an easily detectable object marker. Having realized the basic measurement we have shown that the overall position measurement precision nonlinearity is better than 0.5% from the full range (1000 mm). The aspects influencing the measurement accuracy and repeatability of measurement are also discussed.

Comparison of IEEE 1588 Implementations Using the STM32 Connectivity Line Processor

  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    In distributed system containing multiple clocks, precision time synchronization can by achieved using IEEE 1588 protocol. This paper presents a hardware assisted and a software implementation using the STM32 Connectivity Line (STM32C) processor. Accuracy of time synchronization depends on stability of master and slave oscillators, timestamping technique and reference clock adjustment capabilities. Allan deviation of both master and slave are measured to determine oscillator stability. Several tests using a hardware and software timestamping are made. Synchronization performance is also tested using an internal reference clock and using internal general purpose timers/counters.

Mine Detector with Discrimination Ability

  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    Metal detectors are widely used to detect Explosive Remnants of War such as landmines and Unexploded Ordnance. Almost all professional detectors are based on the eddy current principle. Currently count of false alarms rises up to 99.9% of total alarms count. Discrimination ability added to professional mine detector is therefore highly required by demining community. We show two complementary methods: using vertical signal profile and horizontal spatial maps. This is achieved by adding vertical distance sensor and inertial positioning unit to the search head. Image processing methods can be used to differentiate between metal ballast and dangerous objects. In this paper we show first steps in the development of the fully autonomous 3-D positioning unit for eddy current imaging.

Real-Time Video Sequences Matching Using the Spatio-Temporal Fingerprint

  • Authors: Pribula, O., Pohanka, J., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: MELECON 2010, 15th IEEE Mediterranian Electromechanical Conference, Valletta, Malta. Malta (Valletta): IEEE Malta Section, Region 8, 2010, pp. 911-916. ISBN 978-1-4244-5794-6.
  • Year: 2010
  • DOI: 10.1109/MELCON.2010.5475935
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.1109/MELCON.2010.5475935
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    This paper proposes a method that can be used for matching of video streams or fast seeking of a short video sequence in a long video stream. According to real-time run requirements, the developed method is based on the brightness profile processing of significant image regions. Output from the algorithm is a one dimensional time-discretized vector of video sequence fingerprints that contains information about temporal and spatial video content. These fingerprints are appropriate to be stored in databases because of their significantly lower size in comparison to the source video. Having analyzed real video data, we show that reliable video sequence matching using introduced method can be achieved by using a video fingerprint data flow of 32 bytes per second of video stream. This feature is very important for image processing systems with reduced data transfer bandwidth or low storage capacity, e.g. for the purpose of ideo-based TV channels rating measurement.

ADC Peripheral in Microcontrollers

  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    This paper presents an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) embedded as a peripheral in a microcontroller and influence of asynchronous digital input signals on results of ADC conversion. A schematic diagram of a SAR ADC peripheral analog input circuit in a microcontroller was described and its model was designed. A practical measurement was performed using crosstalk measurement setup and causes of measurement errors were identified.

The Optimal Threshold Algorithm and Canny Based Edge Detection in Optical Area and Dimension Measurement

  • Authors: Třeštík, J., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: 16th IMEKO TC4 International Symposium. Florence: University of Florence, Faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Economics, 2008. p. 737-742. ISBN 978-88-903149-3-3.
  • Year: 2008
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    The fluctuating light conditions cause troubles in image processing based area and dimension measurement. This article describes the hardware implementation and measured properties of canny-based edge detection [5] and an optimal thresholding method. Both units were implemented on proprietary FPGA-based image processing system for "on the fly" measurement. The optimal threshold algorithm presented is able to adapt to changed light conditions and calculates the object size counting the pixels above threshold. The other method uses the first and the second differentiation combined with low-pass filter do locate the object edges and calculates the object size by subtracting their positions. As it uses the maximal slope as edge criteria it is also resistant against illumination changes.

Basic Intelligent Image Sensors Systems and Dedicated Image Gauging Methods

  • Authors: Třeštík, J., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Proceedings of Workshop 2007. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2007, ISBN 978-80-01-03667-9.
  • Year: 2007
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    The aim of this project was design an intelligent basic image processing system, search out typical application of use and develop suitable group of gauging methods. Two different systems were developed. The CMOS image sensor KAC 9618 from Kodak was used like a source of image signal in booth systems. The first system was based on Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) Altera-MAX II. The second developed system is based on Xilinx Spartan 3 FPGA where the High-Speed USB was used. Several method of image based measurement was implemented: dimension measurement, area measurement, centre of gravity measurement.

Dimension Measurement of Objects with Circular Cross Section Using Point Light Sources and an Image Sensor without Lens

  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    Common optical methods for dimension measurement apply an image sensor with a lens. The presence of the lens in the camera increases the total dimensions of the measuring setup. Furthermore, the aberrations of the lens represent a source of uncertainty. In order to simplify the measuring setup and to reduce its overall dimensions, the method proposed in this paper applies a measuring setup that contains no lens - it employs an image sensor without a lens and two point light sources that illuminate the measured object.

New Interpolation Methods for Image-based Sub-pixel Displacement Measurement

  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    This paper deals with image-based displacement measurement. The correlation method of displacement measurement computes the cross-correlation function from two images captured by a CCD camera. The shift level is then determined by the position of the maximum value of the cross-correlation function. If the cross-correlation function is computed directly from two pictures, it is possible to determine the shift level only with resolution on whole pixels. If sub-pixel resolution is required, it is necessary to use interpolation. Interpolation of the input sequences requires high performance and expensive digital signal processors or field programmable gate arrays, therefore for a real-time application it is necessary to acquire the information about sub-pixel shift from a computed cross-correlation function. This paper describes two new real time methods which can obtain the information of the sub-pixel shift from the shape of the maximum of the cross-correlation function and its shape.

Optical Sensors

  • Authors: Ďaďo, S., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Modern Sensors Handbook. London: ISTE Ltd, 2007. p. 49-82. ISBN 978-1-905209-66-8.
  • Year: 2007

A Novel Optical Method of Dimension Measurement of Objects with Circular Cross-section

  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    In the paper, A Novel Optical Method of Dimension Measurement of Objects with Circular Cross-section is presented. The application of this method using linear CCD sensor and the optical triangulation method for dimension measurement of objects with circular cross-section is described. Also, several issues related to its implementation are discussed and its performance is illustrated using experimental results.

Embedded Sensor for Real-time Image-based Measurement

  • Authors: Pribula, O., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: POSTER 2006. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2006, pp. EI23.
  • Year: 2006
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    This work deals with the problem of a simple digital image-based sensor construction. The main application domain of this sensor is contactless measurement of the basic geometrical characteristics of subjects. The implementation of the ADSP BF-532 BlackFin Digital Signal Processor as an appropriate platform for sensor construction is discussed. Processor must perform the control, computation and communication tasks in the real-time. To verify the suitability and features of this processor for described tasks was a simple evaluation board developed. The board construction is also described. Fitness of designed hardware for interconnection with CMOS image sensor and the realtime work capability was checked with implementation of a simple center of image gravity algorithm.

The Single Dimensional Edge Detection Method for the Intelligent Image Sensor

  • Authors: Třeštík, J., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: BEC 2006 - 2006 International Baltic Electronics Conference. Piscataway: IEEE, 2006. p. 135-136. ISSN 1736-3705. ISBN 1-4244-0414-2.
  • Year: 2006
  • DOI: 10.1109/BEC.2006.311079
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.1109/BEC.2006.311079
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    This paper presents the edge detection method for single dimensional image signal. The method is intended for embedded applications. The designed intelligent sensor using this edge detection method is based on CMOS image sensor and programmable logical device.

Two-Dimensional Position Measurement of Objects with Circular Cross-Section Using Single Linear CCD Sensor

  • Authors: Radil, T., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: IMEKO - XVIII World Congress and IV Brazilian Congress of Metrology. Rio de Janeiro: IMEKO, 2006.
  • Year: 2006
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    This paper describes a novel method of two-dimensional position measurement of objects with circular cross-section. The proposed method employs a single linear CCD sensor and two point light sources. Using this simple measuring set-up the described method achieves typical linearity deviations below 4.5 um in the direction along the senor and 22 um in the direction perpendicular to the sensor.

Binary Pre-Processing the Videosignal from CCD Camera

  • Authors: Třeštík, J., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: IWCIT 2005 - International Workshop Control and Information Technology. Ostrava: Technická univerzita, 2005, pp. 347-350. ISBN 80-248-0906-0.
  • Year: 2005
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    This paper is dealing with simple image processing that can be used in embedded systems. The great attention was devolved to the videosignal pre-processing. The binary pre-processing is a method which discriminates between measured object and its neighbourhood in the analogue form of the image. The binary pre-processing decreases radically hardware requirements of the resultant unit. Every task was included into unit based on an AVR microcontroller. For example objects dimension measuring, laser beam guidance.

Illuminators for Machine Vision Systems

Measuring System for Verification of Contactless Measurement Methods that Use CCD Cameras

  • Authors: Radil, T., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Dvořák, R., Kučera, J.
  • Publication: Proceedings of Workshop 2005 - Part A,B. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2005, pp. 382-383. ISBN 80-01-03201-9.
  • Year: 2005
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    The aim of the project described in this paper was to design and build an automated measuring system that would enable detailed examination of contactless measurement methods developed in our lab. The research program of our lab focuses on contactless optical measurement methods of e.g. dimension, position or velocity measurement. The research covers both conventional measurement methods and novel methods such as the so-called shadow projection methods.

Precision Single-line Dimension Measurement Using CMOS Image Sensor and Photometric Interpolation

  • Authors: Šedivý, J., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: IDAACS'2005 Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications. Sofia: IEEE, 2005. p. 227-231. ISBN 0-7803-9446-1.
  • Year: 2005
  • DOI: 10.1109/IDAACS.2005.282975
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.1109/IDAACS.2005.282975
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    A simple, flexible and programmable CMOS camera is presented in this paper. This camera is primary designed for precise single-line dimension and position measurements with subpixel resolution, but allows also a monochrome image acquisition that helps in camera positioning. Information from adjacent lines is also used to improve the single-line resolution. Camera is designed as a stand-alone device and uses the USB connection only as a remote terminal in the setup phase.

Dimension Measuring with AVR ATMEGA 16/32 and CCD Camera

  • Authors: Třeštík, J., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: POSTER 2004. Praha: ČVUT v Praze, FEL, 2004. p. EI33. ISBN 0-8194-5950-X.
  • Year: 2004

Realisation of FIR Filter in Line CCD Sensor

  • Authors: Kejzlar, L., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Kučera, J.
  • Publication: Workshop 2004. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2004. pp. 394-395. ISBN 80-01-02945-X.
  • Year: 2004

The Triangulation Method of Contact-less Dimension Measurement Using an Area CMOS Imaging Sensor

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Radil, T., Šedivý, J.
  • Publication: 13th International Symposium on Measurements for Research and Industry Applications. Athens: IMEKO TC-4, 2004. pp. 625-630. ISBN 960-254-643-3.
  • Year: 2004

The Triangulation Method of Contact-less Dimension Measurement Using an Area CMOS Imaging Sensor

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Radil, T., Šedivý, J.
  • Publication: 13th International Symposium on Measurements for Research and Industry Applications. Athens: IMEKO TC-4, 2004. pp. 625-630.
  • Year: 2004

DSP Based Measuring Line-scan CCD Camera

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Radil, T.
  • Publication: IDAACS'2003. Lviv: Ternopil Academy of National Economy, 2003. p. 345-348. ISBN 0-7803-8138-6.
  • Year: 2003

Fine Measurement of Dimensions Using Intelligent Opto-electronic Gate

  • Authors: Včelák, J., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Proceedings of Workshop 2003. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2003, pp. 442-443. ISBN 80-01-02708-2.
  • Year: 2003

Inherent Signal Preprocessing in the Line CCD Sensor

  • Authors: Kejzlar, L., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Computing - International Scientific Journal of Computing. 2003, 2(2), 101-105. ISSN 1727-6209.
  • Year: 2003

Inherent Signal Preprocessing in the Line CCD Sensor

  • Authors: Kejzlar, L., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: IDAACS'2003. Lviv: Ternopil Academy of National Economy, 2003. p. 315-318. ISBN 0-7803-8138-6.
  • Year: 2003

Optical Sensors

  • Authors: Ďaďo, S., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Master Book on Sensors. Prague: CTU Prague a BEN, 2003. p. 2-1-2-132. ISBN 80-7300-129-2.
  • Year: 2003

Position Measurement Using CCD Based Opto-electronic Gate

  • Authors: Včelák, J., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Eurosensors XVII. Guimaraes: University of Minho, 2003, pp. 602-603. ISBN 972-98603-1-9.
  • Year: 2003

Position Measurement Using CCD Based Opto-electronic Gate

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Včelák, J.
  • Publication: Eurosensors XVII. Guimaraes: University of Minho, 2003. p. 1009-1012.
  • Year: 2003

Simple Methods of Edge Position Measurement Using Shadow Projected on CCD Sensor

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Radil, T.
  • Publication: Measurement Science Review. 2003, 3(3), 37-40. ISSN 1335-8871.
  • Year: 2003

Simple Methods of Edge Position Measurement Using Shadow Projected on CCD Sensor

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Radil, T.
  • Publication: Measurement 2003 - Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Measurement. Bratislava: Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Measurement Science, 2003, pp. 324-327. ISBN 80-967402-6-1.
  • Year: 2003

Transportable Reference AD Device - New Innovated Version

Transportable Reference AD Device - New Innovated Version

FPGA Based System for the Measurement of a Laser Spot Position

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Odložil, P.
  • Publication: Eurosensors XVI - Book of Abstracts. Praha: Czech Technical University in Prague, 2002, pp. 201-202. ISBN 80-01-02576-4.
  • Year: 2002

FPGA Based System for the Measurement of a Laser Spot Position

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Odložil, P.
  • Publication: EUROSENSORS XVI. Proceedings. Praha: Czech Technical University in Prague, 2002, pp. 372-374.
  • Year: 2002

Measurement Velocity by the CCD Linear Image Sensor Operating in the TDI Mode

  • Authors: Kejzlar, L., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Eurosensors XVI - Book of Abstracts. Praha: Czech Technical University in Prague, 2002, pp. 413-414. ISBN 80-01-02576-4.
  • Year: 2002

Measurement Velocity by the CCD Linear Image Sensor Operating in the TDI Mode

  • Authors: Kejzlar, L., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: EUROSENSORS XVI. Proceedings. Praha: Czech Technical University in Prague, 2002, pp. 727-730.
  • Year: 2002

Non-standard Mode of Operation of Linear CCD Sensors - FIR Mode

  • Authors: Kejzlar, L., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Proceedings of Workshop 2002. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2002, pp. 478-479. ISBN 80-01-02511-X.
  • Year: 2002

Real-time Contactless Measurement of the Position

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Odložil, P.
  • Publication: Proceedings of Workshop 2002. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2002. pp. 442-443. ISBN 80-01-02511-X.
  • Year: 2002

Real-time Correction of DC Offset of Low-cost Audio Codecs in Acoustic Digital Lock-in Amplifiers

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Vejdělek, J.
  • Publication: ADDA & EWADC 2002. Praha: Czech Technical University in Prague, 2002. p. 243-246. ISBN 80-01-02540-3.
  • Year: 2002

Real-time Correction of DC Offset of Low-cost Audio Codecs in Acoustic Digital Lock-in Amplifiers

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Vejdělek, J.
  • Publication: ADDA & EWADC 2002. Praha: Czech Technical University in Prague, 2002. p. 243-246. ISBN 80-01-02540-3.
  • Year: 2002

Reduction of the Error Caused by Asynchronous Sampling in Measuring with the Camera

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Holinger, J.
  • Publication: Proceedings of Workshop 2002. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2002, pp. 476-477. ISBN 80-01-02511-X.
  • Year: 2002

Reference ADC Standard - Comparison of ADC Testing Methods

Signal Processing by Inherent FIR Filter in the Line CCD Sensor

  • Authors: Kejzlar, L., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Nové smery v spracovaní signálov VI. Liptovský Mikuláš: Vojenská akadémia, 2002, pp. 215-218. ISBN 80-8040-180-2.
  • Year: 2002

Simple Device for Small Dimension Measurement Using CCD Sensor

Simple Device for Small Dimension Measurement Using CCD Sensor

Transportable High Stable Reference AD Module

Usage of a Point Light Source for Dimension Measurement by Linear CCD Sensor without Lens

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Radil, T.
  • Publication: Proceedings of Workshop 2002. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2002, pp. 474-475. ISBN 80-01-02511-X.
  • Year: 2002

Embedded Videometric System

  • Authors: Šťastný, R., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Poster 2001. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, Fakulta elektrotechnická, 2001, pp. E28.
  • Year: 2001

Image Processing with ADSP 21xx

  • Authors: Holinger, J., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Poster 2001. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, Fakulta elektrotechnická, 2001, pp. E6.
  • Year: 2001

Real Time Dimension Meter

  • Authors: Pohořelý, V., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Poster 2001. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, Fakulta elektrotechnická, 2001. pp. E23.
  • Year: 2001

Smart Photoelectric Switch Based on CCD Camera

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Proceedings of Workshop 2001. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2001. pp. 386-387. ISBN 80-01-02335-4.
  • Year: 2001

Transfer Standard ADC

Transportable AD Box for Comparative Measurement

Transportable AD Box for Comparative Measurement

Transportable Reference AD Converter

CCD Camera Application for Contactless Measurement of Dimension in Automatization

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Inovační podnikání a transfer technologií. 2000, 8(4), 22-23. ISSN 1210-4612.
  • Year: 2000
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    CCD Camera Application for Contactless Measurement of Dimension in Automatization

CCD Line Camera in Optometry

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Proceedings of Workshop 2000. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2000. pp. 168. ISBN 80-01-02229-3.
  • Year: 2000

CCD Line Sensor in Non-standard Mode

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Proceedings of Workshop 2000. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2000. pp. 169. ISBN 80-01-02229-3.
  • Year: 2000

Practical Aspects of Image Primary Processing and Digitalisation

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: XVI IMEKO World Congress IMEKO 2000 - EWADC'2000. Wien: TU Wien, Abteilung Austauschbau und Messtechnik, 2000. pp. 115-120. ISBN 3-901888-12-8.
  • Year: 2000

The Application of Sigma Delta D/A Converter in the Simple Testing Dual Channel DDS Generator

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: XVI IMEKO World Congress IMEKO 2000 - EWADC'2000. Wien: TU Wien, Abteilung Austauschbau und Messtechnik, 2000. pp. 109-113. ISBN 3-901888-12-8.
  • Year: 2000

Time Delay and Integration Mode of CCD Linear Image Sensor Operation

Transportable High Stable Reference AD Module

Measurement of Complex Signals and Signals with Time-Dependent Parameters

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Moderní měřicí technika a metody měření BRNO 99. Praha: Sdělovací technika, 1999. pp. 23-32.
  • Year: 1999

Measurement System for Source Radiant Pattern Intensity Distribution

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: 8th Scientific Conference Theoretical Electrical Engineering and Electrical Measurement. Košice: Dep. of Theoretical Electrical Engineering and El. Measurement FEI TU of Košice, 1999, pp. 64-67.
  • Year: 1999

Optical Reflective Sensors in Laboratory Exercises and Vibration Measurement

  • Authors: Ďaďo, S., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: 8th Scientific Conference Theoretical Electrical Engineering and Electrical Measurement. Košice: Dep. of Theoretical Electrical Engineering and El. Measurement FEI TU of Košice, 1999, pp. 34-38.
  • Year: 1999

Time Delay Integration Mode of CCD Line Sensor Operation

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: First International Conference on Advanced Engineering Design. Glasgow: University of Glasgow, 1999. pp. 131-132.
  • Year: 1999

Application of Microcontroller for PLL Clock Generator

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Báňa, V.
  • Publication: Workshop 98. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 1998, pp. 345-346.
  • Year: 1998

Analysis of Mixed Signals Using MSO HP54645D

Application of CCD Camera in Simple Measurement Systems

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Báňa, V.
  • Publication: Journal of Electrical Engineering. 1997, 48(10), 130-131. ISSN 0013-578X.
  • Year: 1997

Electronic Profile Projector

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Báňa, V.
  • Publication: Workshop 97. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 1997, pp. 931-932.
  • Year: 1997

Rychlá analogově-číslicová periférie pro záznam jednorázových dějů

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Báňa, V.
  • Publication: Aplikovaná elektronika 97. Plzeň: Západočeská universita, 1997, pp. 34-38. ISBN 80-7082-337-2.
  • Year: 1997

The CCD optoelectronic sensor with signal processor

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc.,
  • Publication: Nové smery v spracování signálov III. Liptovský Mikuláš: Vojenská akadémia, 1996, pp. 70-73.
  • Year: 1996
  • Department: Department of Measurement
  • Annotation:
    The article describes the optoelectronic CCD line scanner with digital signal processing realized by signal processor Analog Devices ADSP2105

Enhancing Radiometric Possibilities of the CCD Camera

  • Authors: Kraus, S., doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Smutný, V.
  • Publication: Workshop 95. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 1995, pp. 177-178.
  • Year: 1995

New Concept of Optoelectronic Sensor Using Linear CCD

  • Authors: doc. Ing. Jan Fischer, CSc., Šmíd, R.
  • Publication: Workshop 95. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 1995, pp. 661-662.
  • Year: 1995

Enhancing of Dynamic Resolution of CCD

Laboratory for Microprocessor Applications in Instrumentation

The Teaching of Applications of Microcontrollers in Instrumentation

Responsible person Ing. Mgr. Radovan Suk