Lidé

prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc.

Garant a tutor programu Elektrotechnika, energetika a management - bakalářský

Všechny publikace

Agroforestry systems as new strategy for bioenergy — Case example of Czech Republic

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2022.02.098
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.02.098
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The paper deals with the analysis of economic efficiency of innovative agroforestry systems (AFS) using coppiced tree belts (CTB), which combine the advantages of traditional alley cropping with the short rotation coppice (dense plantation of fast-growing trees for biomass — SRC) on an agricultural field. We have analyzed and compared such innovative agroforestry system (AFS-CTB) with conventional food crops production in conventional 4 crop year rotation (winter barley, winter wheat, rapeseed and corn). The minimum price of production, (based on net present value criterion), was performed to enable simultaneous assessment of annual and perennial crops over time in order to obtain also economic evaluation and comparison. Our results show that AFS-CTB generate similar income and profits as from conventional annual crops when cultivating on suitable sites and adhering to good farming principles.

Economic evaluation of Hemp's (Cannabis sativa) residual biomass for production of direct energy or biochar

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125435
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125435
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The aim of the article is to present the results regarding a comprehensive evaluation of the efficiency of Cannabis cultivation with an emphasis on the economic evaluation of the use of residual biomass either for direct energy use or for biochar production. The results of field experiments conducted in the Czech Republic showed great variability and adaptability of six tested varieties, out of which 'Fedora' and 'CS' were selected for further evaluation for energy and biochar production due to favourable yields of stem biomass (5.5 – 8.5 t DM/ha). Biochar produced from hemp biomass revealed texture properties which corresponded to quality commercial sorbents and met the limits related to the use in a variety of applications, e.g. soil amendment or water treatment. The economic analysis showed the advantage of residual biomass exploitation for the production of biochar, resp. for energy use as a by–product of the primary production of bioactive substances from Cannabis plants. The cost of obtaining 1 GJ of heat in the fuel is between 4.1 and 5 EUR, while another economic effect relates to the income from the sale of flowers for the extraction of bioactive substances. Concerning the conditions of the Czech Republic, the cost of biochar production from hemp biomass ranges, assuming the pyrolysis technology with the capacity 250 kg of raw biomass per hour, from 452 to 667 EUR/t (without excess heat utilization), and from 381 to 596 EUR/t (with excess heat utilization).

Possible Role of Biomass in Energy Transformation – Economic Competitiveness and Policy Implications on Case Example of the Czech Republic

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Horák, M., Ing. Tomáš Králík, Ph.D., Vávrová, K., Outrata, D.
  • Publikace: Proceedings of the 11th International Scientific Symposium on Electrical Power Engineering. Košice: Technical University of Košice, 2022. p. 143-148. First. ISBN 978-80-553-4104-0.
  • Rok: 2022
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The paper focuses on the determination of the potential of biomass from energy crops purposefully grown on agricultural land in relation to the biomass production price and on the development of a cost curve for purposefully grown biomass. To model the potential of energy crops, an approach based on deriving crop yields from soil and climatic parameters on individual plots of the analyzed area is used. For the construction of the cost curve of purpose-grown biomass, a model based on the derivation of the biomass production price based on the opportunity cost principle - the forgone economic effect from growing conventional crops - is developed. The methodology presents 5 basic approaches to the allocation of agricultural land for energy crops in terms of priority of food production, maximization of biomass production, minimization of total production costs, even geographical distribution of energy crops over the analyzed area and at the same time in terms of maximization of non-productive effects provided by perennial energy crops.

Simulation of Electric Vehicle Charging Points Based on Efficient Use of Chargers and Using Recuperated Braking Energy from Trains

  • DOI: 10.3390/en15020571
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.3390/en15020571
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Electric vehicles represent an innovation in mobility that can help significantly reduce greenhouse emissions and mitigate climate change. However, replacing internal combustion with electric vehicles is not enough. This replacement needs to be complemented with a change in the energy mix of individual countries towards renewable energy sources and efficient use of electricity generated as a secondary product. Recuperative braking energy from trains can serve as one source of such secondary energy. Following an analysis of recuperative energy generated and analysis of charging requirements of individual electric vehicles, the paper proposes a model of a charging site near train stations. Using this energy to charge electric vehicles helps to reduce energy consumption from the electricity grid and thus reduce carbon emissions. Compared to other articles, the proposed model ensures the efficient use of recuperative braking energy from trains by using the variable charging power function; thereby, the installation of additional battery storage is eliminated. Our model results show that the benefits of a car park with a reservation system near train stations increase the car park efficiency, provide a sufficient number of private charging points, contribute to efficient use of recovered energy, and reduce carbon emissions.

Smart home energy management processes support through machine learning algorithms

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2022.01.033
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.01.033
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Smart Home Energy Management Systems can manifest energy consumption reduction targets in the residential sector and can be viewed as an approach to transform the consumer into an active prosumer. The present paper presents a smart home energy management system that includes flexible appliances, electric vehicles, and energy storage units. Efficient forecasting algorithms support the robust operation of the smart home energy management system. Specifically, the smart home energy management system receives as inputs forecasts of demand, renewable energy sources including photovoltaics and Wind Turbine generations, and real-time prices. In order to minimize energy costs, a variety of algorithms is compared to provide highly accurate forecasts. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Can Miscanthus Fulfill Its Expectations as an Energy Biomass Source in the Current Conditions of the Czech Republic?-Potentials and Barriers

  • DOI: 10.3390/agriculture11010040
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11010040
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Our article analyzes the main biological potentials and economic barriers of using Miscanthus as a new energy crop in agricultural practice in the Czech Republic and the Central-Eastern European region. We have used primary data from long-term field experiments and commercial plantations to create production and economic models that also include an analysis of competitive ability with conventional crops. Our results showed that current economic conditions favor annual crops over Miscanthus (for energy biomass) and that this new crop shows very good adaptation to the effects of climate change. Selected clones of Miscanthus x giganteus reached high biomass yields between 15-17 t DM ha(-1) y(-1) despite very dry and warm periods and low-input agrotechnology, and they have good potential to become important biomass crops for future bioenergy and the bioeconomy. Key barriers and factors are identified, including gene pool and agronomy improvement, change of subsidy policy (Common agriculture policy-CAP), climate change trends, and further development of the bioeconomy.

Electrification and Europeanization A Brief History of Power Grids in the Czech Republic

  • DOI: 10.35998/oe-2021-0044
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.35998/oe-2021-0044
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Power grids are the arteries of national and transnational integration. They increase the security of supply and ensure economic synergy effects. Whenever the master-minds of European unification presented plans for pan-European power grids in the 1920s, Czechoslovakia was always involved. However, the division of Europe after the Second World War led to Czechoslovakia's integration into grid of the Comecon countries, which was largely decoupled from Western Europe. Since 1995, the Czech network of transmission lines has been an integral part of the European power generation and distribution grid, and the Czech Republic plays an important role in the power supply in Central Europe.

Environmental aspects and economic evaluation of new green hydrolysis method for waste feather processing

  • DOI: 10.1007/s10098-021-02072-5
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-021-02072-5
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    In recent years, an increase in the chicken meat process industry has been growing quickly, which brings a large amount of difficult to process waste, chicken feathers. These billions of kilograms create a serious waste problem over the world, furthermore, poultry feather processing is not only particularly difficult but also relatively expensive. In fact, there is no technology suitable for processing such huge quantities of feathers to guarantee sustainable development of the chicken meat industry together with processing of waste feathers. This article introduces a newly designed and original, highly efficient and environmentally friendly method of physicochemical hydrolysis of waste feathers. The hydrolysis is carried out in the presence of a weak organic carboxylic acid; thus, the resulting hydrolysate does not contain any salts or ashes. Therefore, a resulting hydrolysate, which includes a mixture of amino acids, peptides, proteins, glycoproteins and free fatty acids, is suitable for a variety of applications; e.g. as a chondroprotective agent in the treatment of joint diseases, nutrients for crop plants or targeted biostimulants for agriculture. This paper is focused not only on the process scale-up but also on environmental aspects and economic evaluations to bring general view of the process.

Financing the future infrastructure of sustainable energy systems

  • Autoři: Haas, R., Ajanovic, A., Ramsebner, J., Perger, T., prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Bleyl, J.W.
  • Publikace: GREEN FINANCE. 2021, 3(1), 90-118. ISSN 2643-1092.
  • Rok: 2021
  • DOI: 10.3934/GF.2021006
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.3934/GF.2021006
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The development of suitable financing models plays an important role for long-term investments in green energy infrastructures necessary to achieve energy and climate targets. In this context, it is important to state that people do not demand energy per se, but energy services such as mobility, heating, cooking and lighting. These services are provided by a combination of different energy carriers and technologies. In this paper, the focus lies on the optimal financing of innovative technologies from the society's point-of-view. Therefore, long-term financing models of new energy solutions play a key role in three core areas: (i) investments in renewable energy technologies, e.g., large solar thermal, PV, wind power systems, (ii) investments in new network infrastructure for electricity, district heating, hydrogen, charging stations for battery electric vehicles, etc.; (iii) investments in energy efficiency. In this paper we observe that there is practically no degree of freedom in the market regarding choice of financing parameters such as interest rate and depreciation time. In real life, all long-term investments, e.g., in the area of electricity or district heating networks, are located in a strictly regulated environment.

Optimal Scheduling of a Multi-Energy Microgrid

  • DOI: 10.3303/CET2188150
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.3303/CET2188150
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    This work presents an optimization framework for the optimal scheduling of a multi-energy microgrid based on Mixed-Integer Programming techniques and consisting of a number of aggregated end-users. With the objective of satisfying the microgrid's electricity and heat demands in a cost-optimal way, the microgrid includes several technologies such as micro combined heat and power units, gas turbines, heat pumps, renewable energy sources, exchanges with the main grid, as well as flexibility providers such as energy storage systems, electric vehicles, and demand response. One salient feature of the proposed framework is that it considers the contribution of power generating sources in the ancillary services provision, both up and down, providing an additional income for their operation and enhancing the grid operation. An illustrative case study has been used to test the applicability of the proposed approach in both economic and operational terms. The results underscore the significance of including the ancillary services market as a revenues source to the MES as well as the fact that the participation of various resources in both energy and ancillary services markets affects the operational scheduling of the microgrid, and the services provided by the flexibility providers play a major role in the overall cost reduction. System operators, aggregators, and market participants can utilize the proposed optimization framework to determine their operational and investment strategies for optimal resource utilization and portfolio selection. Copyright © 2021, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l.

Policy implications of competition between conventional and energy crops

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111618
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111618
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Energy crops grown on agricultural land compete with conventional crops in terms of access to soil. Failure to respect the price of biomass from energy crops and its competitiveness can lead to a significant overestimation of the potential of biomass. For the analysis of the competitiveness of energy crops, a methodology was created based on respecting specific climatic and soil parameters on individual land plots and their utilization both for conventional and energy crops. The lower limit of the biomass price from the producer's point of view is modelled on the assumption of achieving the same economic effect from conventional and energy crops over the lifetime of energy crop plantations. The methodology applied on the example of Czechia using GIS modelling shows that due to large variability in yields of both energy and conventional crops, there are large differences (up to 2.5 fold) in the profitability (and thus competitiveness of energy biomass) within territories and land zones. The realistic biomass potential is thus not only fundamentally reduced, but also geographically diverged. The modelling results also show the need for a differentiated approach to energy crop support in relation to locality conditions, yields and prices of conventional crops, including subsidies to conventional agriculture.

Teplárenství na cestě k dekarbonizaci

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    V Česku stále přes 300 tisíc domácností využívá uhlí pro lokální vytápění. Čtyři z deseti českých domácností jsou pak vytápěny ze systému zásobování teplem, přičemž 60 % tepla je vyrobeno na bázi uhlí. Studie připravená týmem Fakulty elektrotechnické ČVUT v rámci projektu Climate Investment Capacity ukazuje cestu postupného přechodu k ekologickým řešením, včetně dočasného využití zemního plynu. Jde o první scénář realistické dekarbonizace teplárenství ve střední Evropě. Domácnosti ve střední a východní Evropě jsou typicky závislé na uhlí a plynu v teplárenství a mezinárodní výzkumné týmy problém doposud patřičně neřešily. Studie ukazuje, že bude potřeba do roku 2030 investovat do teplárenství přes 98 miliard korun, zemní plyn může být ale vzhledem k cíli klimatické neutrality pouze přechodným palivem.

Biomass potential — Theory and practice: Case example of the Czech Republic region

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2020.11.146
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.11.146
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Biomass is considered to be a significant renewable energy source for the next one to two decades. In countries with conditions similar to the Czech Republic, biomass is even considered a dominant renewable source. The article therefore focuses on the determination of biomass potential on agricultural and forest land for energy purposes and it discusses the potential risks in determining the objective amount of biomass potential due to the ongoing climate change and the need to protect the land quality. According to current analyses, it is possible to estimate for the Czech Republic that the potential of biomass from forest stands will have to be reduced by about 60%–70% in one decade's outlook. Similarly, a reduction in the potential of residual biomass from agricultural land in the range of 10%–15% should be taken into account.

Dynamic biomass potential from agricultural land

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110319
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110319
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The potential of biomass from agricultural land cannot be seen as a constant value over time, but rather as a dynamic one influenced by changes in many factors and characteristics. The most important include the amount of available agricultural land, the structure of cultivated crops, allocation of energy crops, the effect of a learning curve and the impact of climate change. Our method used for determination of biomass potential is based on usage of the GIS model that includes key parameters such as soil and climatic characteristics of farming plots and expected crop yields related to them, changes in arable land, planting area, utilization of biomass, and the influence of climate change. Results from modelling different scenarios for the Czech Republic show that allocating 20% of arable land for energy crops increases biomass potential by 35%, 30 PJ (compared with current nearly 0% allocation) on a time horizon 2040. If a learning curve effect for energy crops (impact of breeding and improved agrotechnologies on biomass yields) in the range of 1.5–2.5% per year is considered, then biomass potential increases by 49% (42 PJ) in total.

Impact of pelleting cost on competitiveness of intentionally grown biomass for local space heating: Case example of the Czech Republic

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2019.08.089
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2019.08.089
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Biomass plays a dominant role in the EU RES portfolio, especially in CE countries. Pellets from locally produced biomass can serve as a substitute of coal still widely used for local heating to date in the Czech Republic and other Central and Eastern European countries. Wood chips from short rotation coppice plantations (SRC) is suitable source of biomass for the production of pellets for local space heating. Cost of pellets production from biomass from SRC plantations is modeled using cash flow simulation related with all parts of pellets production chain. Article presents results of modeling of biomass cost from SRC plantations and its processing into wood pellets in the conditions of the Czech Republic. The cost of pellets, respecting the whole production cycle from biomass cultivation to pelleting, ranges from 7.85–8.55 EUR/GJ for typical yields of SRC plantations 8–10 t(DM)/ha,year. To achieve competitiveness with domestic (Czech) brown coal (6.5–7.3 EUR/GJ) for local space heating, it would be necessary either to increase the ecological tax on coal 10 x (to about 3.3 EUR/GJ) or to subsidize the establishment of the SRC plantation (1300 EUR/ha) or to double the area subsidy per year (to 390 EUR/ha,year).

Optimization of Electric Vehicle Charging Points Based on Efficient Use of Chargers and Providing Private Charging Spaces

  • DOI: 10.3390/en13246750
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.3390/en13246750
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Electric vehicles are a mobility innovation that can help significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate climate change. However, increasing numbers of electric vehicles require the construction of a dense charging infrastructure with a sufficient number of chargers. Based on the identified requirements for existing electric vehicle users and potential new customers, the paper proposes a charging point model for an urban area equipped with a local transformer station and a sufficient number of low-power chargers. In particular, the model focuses on efficient use of chargers throughout the day, considering private rental of chargers paid by residents in the evening. The model uses an optimization method that compares the non-covered fixed costs due to unsold electricity to nonresidents and the annualized costs of building an additional transformer. The proposed optimal charging point solution was tested in a case study using real data capturing users’ habits and their arrivals in and departures from the car park. As our model results show, the great benefit of a park-and-ride car park equipped with chargers consists of a simple increase in car park efficiency, ensuring sufficient numbers of private charging lots, optimizing operating costs, and supporting the development of electromobility.

Second Life Batteries Used in Energy Storage for Frequency Containment Reserve Service

  • DOI: 10.3390/en13236396
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.3390/en13236396
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The new Li-ion battery systems used in electric vehicles have an average capacity of 50 kWh and are expected to be discarded when they reach approximately 80% of their initial capacity, because they are considered to no longer be sufficient for traction purposes. Based on the official national future development scenarios and subsequent mathematical modeling of the number of electric vehicles (EVs), up to 400 GWh of storage capacity in discharged batteries will be available on the EU market by 2035. Therefore, since the batteries still have a considerable capacity after the end of their first life, they could be used in many stationary applications during their second life, such as support for renewables, flexibility, energy arbitrage, peak shaving, etc. Due to the high output power achieved in a short time, one of the most promising applications of these batteries are ancillary services. The study assesses the economic efficiency of the used batteries and presents several main scenarios depending on the likely future development of the interconnected EU regulatory energy market. The final results indicate that the best results of second-life batteries utilization lie in the provision of Frequency Containment Reserve Service, both from a technical and economic point of view. The internal rate of return fluctuates from 8% to 21% in the realistic scenario, and it supports the idea that such systems might be able to be in operation without any direct financial subsidies.

Více než tři sta miliard na rozvoj čisté energetiky

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    V článku představujeme výstupy analýzy investičních potřeb pro plnění klimaticko-energetických cílů k roku 2030 České republiky a porovnáváme je s identifikovanými současnými toky klimaticko-energetických investic. Zaměřujeme se na dva sektory, jež také budou hlavními přispěvateli k dosažení klimaticko-energetických cílů – budovy a obnovitelné zdroje energie a infrastruktura nezbytná k jejich rozvoji.

Economic Evaluation of Heating Systems for Energy Efficient Houses: A case study of various heating systems of family houses in conditions of central Europe

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The case study works with a typical representative of low-energy family house (with its parameters close to the passive standard) on which different types of heating and hot water preparation are discussed. The paper discusses technologies for space heating and hot water preparation as follows: 1) electric direct space heating and boiler for hot water, 2) electric boiler for space heating, 3) heat pump for hot water preparation, 4) air/water heat pump for space heating and hot water preparation, 5) air/water heat pump for floor space heating, 6) condensing gas-fired boiler and floor heating, 7) air/air heat pump + heat pump for hot water preparation, 8) pellet boiler with heat accumulation. The economic evaluation of the options is performed using the basic criteria of economic efficiency, i.e., NPV, IRR, Ts (repayment period (simple)), Tsd (discounted time). The article analyses the advantages and disadvantages of individual technologies and their combinations both in economic terms and in terms of energy efficiency and comfort of use. At the same time, the paper presents estimates of changes in the consumption of electricity and other forms of energy for heating and hot water production from the point of view of the expected rate of construction of new and reconstruction of existing family houses.

Effectiveness of biogas power plant transformation into biomethane production

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The efficiency of biomass utilization in a biogas plant, where there is no possibility of using the heat generated by the cogeneration unit, is relatively low and most of the biomass energy content is lost unproductively. One of the ways to increase the efficiency of biomass utilization is to supplement the biogas plant with a technology for upgrading biogas to the quality of natural gas (biomethane production). This almost double the efficiency of biomass use. The paper presents a methodology for evaluating the transformation efficiency of a biogas plant to a biomethane plant in the half of the expected life of a biogas plant. The methodology for calculating the minimum price for biomethane to have an economic incentive for the operator to switch to biomethane production is based on the equality of IRR values for the continuation of the biogas station and for the transformation into biomethane production. For the typical technical and economic parameters of both technologies and for the conditions of support for electricity production in biogas stations, the minimum price of biomethane is based on approx. CZK 21.3 / m3.

Ex post evaluation of energy efficiency programs: Case study of Czech Green Investment Scheme

  • DOI: 10.1002/wene.323
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.323
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    A significant amount of financing has been available for improvements in energy efficiency in buildings in recent years. However, careful evaluation of the real impacts of the programmes is still inadequate. The paper provides an insight into the relationship between the expected outcomes and the actual results of an energy efficiency programme. It does so on a case example of one of the most significant energy efficiency and renewable energy sources programmes in Central Europe, the Green Savings programme. In total, 206 measures were inspected in 124 projects of the programme. The analysis of the inspections showed that there is a significant difference between the expected, verified CO2 emission reduction and ex-post, real attained reduction (25 % on average). The reasons are partly methodical, but most can be attributed to the behavioural factors of occupants in the respective buildings. The results therefore clearly show the need to tackle the relationship between the calculated (expected) energy savings (and related CO2 emission reduction)savings and the real savingssavings which are highly influenced by building users. Ex-post evaluations should be done, among other things, to provide a more accurate picture regarding the member states` energy efficiency improvement obligations. Furthermore, such evaluation also provides an essential input for further optimisation of the future energy efficiency support programmes.

IMPACT OF PELLETING COST ON COMPETITIVENESS OF INTENTIONALLY GROWN BIOMASS FOR LOCAL SPACE HEATING: CASE EXAMPLE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Biomass plays a dominant role in the EU RES portfolio, especially in CE countries. Further development of the use of biomass will require its targeted cultivation on agricultural land. Pellets and briquettes from locally produced biomass can serve as a substitute for coal widely used for local heating to date. The most suitable for the production of pellets for local heating is chips from SRC plantations. The price of biofuels thus produced, respecting the whole production cycle from biomass cultivation to pelleting, ranges from 7.0 to 12.2 EUR/GJ in the Czech Republic. To achieve competitiveness with domestic brown coal (6.4 EUR/GJ), it would be necessary either to increase the ecological tax on coal 10x (to about 3.3EUR GJ) or to subsidize the establishment of the plantation or to double the area subsidy per year.

Mapping Climate and Energy Finance: Lessons Learnt from Czechia and Germany

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The paper provides an overview of the climate finance flows in Czechia and Germany. It provides insight not only into the climate flows as such, but (maybe more importantly so), it also points out to the existing gaps in systematic tracking of climate related finances in various sectors.

Designing energy efficiency subsidy programmes: The factors of transaction costs

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2018.04.055
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.04.055
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Transaction costs are perceived as one of the main barriers in achieving energy efficiency. Hence, the omission of transaction costs in the evaluation (and preparation) of energy efficiency policies leads to suboptimal decision-making. However, empirical evidence on the main factors influencing transaction costs of energy efficiency programmes remains insufficient. By investigating two cases of major energy efficiency subsidy programmes in the Czech Republic, we analyse the role of two factors influencing the transaction costs: size of the projects and type of actors. The results show that while the dependence between the size of the projects and the size of transaction costs is rather straightforward, the role of actors is more complex. On one hand, no significant difference has been found between total transaction costs of the two types of actors entering the analysed programmes (private companies and public entities). Our results imply the potential for optimization of transaction costs in energy efficiency subsidy programmes lies in streamlining the internal processes (especially in the preparatory phase and in public tenders) and a clear legal environment. On the other hand, differences between the two entities were found in the costs of external services, indicating a room for optimization for public bodies.

Economic Evaluation of Energy Efficient Buildings, Case Study of Various Building Systems for Family Houses

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The analyses presented in this paper employ budgets for various structural and thermal technical options of a particular executed family home in the municipality of Prague-Vinoř [8], which has actually been executed as Option 6 below. The summary shows the behaviour of the different options in horizons of 15 and 30 years. In the short-term horizon of 15 years, the advantage of the passive options is not that evident from the comparison, but almost all the passive options are more favourable in the long-term horizon of 30 years, except Option 6, which stands apart. However, all the passive option perform better in a horizon of 37 years or more. Passive construction can therefore be executed under advantageous economic conditions, and there is realistic space for cost minimization and maximization of saving effects.

Model for evaluation of locally available biomass competitiveness for decentralized space heating in villages and small towns

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2017.05.079
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.05.079
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The paper presents the methodology and the case studies for condition of the Czech Republic of BICOM - BIomass COmpetitiveness Model. The model consists of the following modules: (1) the identification of a biomass potential in a given area using GIS modelling (based on climate and soil conditions), (2) modelling the biomass price (using the methodology of the minimum price from the producer's point of view and evaluating the opportunity cost of conventional agriculture production), (3) modelling the biomass processing and logistics, (4) modelling economic competitiveness of the biomass and coal utilization.

TRANSACTION COSTS OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMMES: THE EFFECT OF LEARNING

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Transaction costs are perceived as one of the main barriers to energy efficiency. One of the factors influencing the size of transaction costs is the learning effect. This paper explores the role of this effect on the case study of two energy efficiency programmes of the Czech Republic. The first results show that the learning effect has the potential to decrease the transaction costs but to a limited extent.

Energy Biomass Competitiveness—Three Different Views on Biomass Price

  • DOI: 10.1002/wene.261
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.261
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The paper presents an economic model that provides a systemic approach to the evaluation of growing biomass for energy purposes. We argue that to correctly evaluate the potential of energy biomass, it is necessary to look at it from three different, but interconnected perspectives: (1) minimum price for growing biomass for energy purposes, (2) opportunity costs with respect to other uses of the arable land, namely production of conventional crops, and (3) the aspects of substitution of fossil fuels (e.g., coal) for biomass—the analysis of the demand. Our economic model incorporates the three above points of view. Furthermore, on the case study of the Czech Republic, we show the practical implications of the model on assessment of energy biomass in real conditions. The main findings are that to give the farmers the same rate of return as conventional crops, the price of intentionally grown biomass for energy purposes in the Czech Republic would have to be up to almost three times higher than is the adequate minimum price. On the other hand, in order to be competitive as a substitute for coal for local space heating, the price of biomass would have to be close to zero.

Locally produced solid biofuels for individual space heating - Competitiveness with brown coal and heat pumps

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Brown coal still plays an important role in space heating in single-family houses, particularly in smaller municipalities with under 2000 inhabitants. Coal combustion in obsolete boilers with low efficiency is an important cause of local air pollution. Natural gas is not available in many smaller municipalities; pellets made from locally available biomass are one of the possible substitutes for brown coal combustion. Other options include heat pumps and modern automatic coal boilers. Analysis results shows that replacement of obsolete boilers with pellet boilers is potentially competitive with modern automatic coal boilers. In comparison with pellet or coal boilers, heat pumps are only competitive in buildings with a high heat demand for space heating. Simultaneously, analysis results show that pellet boilers or automatic coal boilers significantly increase the price of the heat produced compared to operation of obsolete coal boilers, namely by CZK 110 to 180/GJ depending on building type.

Perspectives of cogeneration plants and district heating sector – assessment of the impact of CO2 auctions and other legislative changes

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The principal results and accomplishments and their significance Results of the modelling clearly indicates that there is unequal treatment of polluters depending on the installed capacities which leads to the competitive distortions on the heat and power market with potential future escalation of this problem if no (legislative) remedial actions would be taken. Results of the analysis show among others: (1) strong impact of CO2 cost on heat price from installations under the EU ETS framework – this creates major detrimental effects on the heat market because of the fact that installation below the 20 MW limit are not subject of these cost. Cost of CO2 are expected to be app. 80% of total price increase after the year 2020; (2) new emission standards have the second highest potential impact, esp. for installation over 20 MW. Smaller installations have lower emission standards and, thus, increase of pollution fees has higher impact on their economy. Analysis has been divided into the four segments – installations below 1 MW, installations in the range of 1-20 MW, 20-50 MW and over 50 MW. Results of the analysis show that the highest impacts of new legislation is onto installation in the range of 20-50 MW where EU ETS and emission standards have highest specific effects. This will negatively impact esp. on mid-size heating systems located in regional towns where new legislation impacts in full and, in contrary, there are only reduced effects of return from scale (as is in case of bigger installations).

Short-term boosting of biomass energy sources – Determination of biomass potential for prevention of regional crisis situations

  • Autoři: Vávrová, K., prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Weger, J.
  • Publikace: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2017, 67 426-436. ISSN 1364-0321.
  • Rok: 2017
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.015
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.015
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The article deals with the evaluation of the hypothesis that long-term sustainable potential of solid biomass (the so-called standard potential) for energy purposes can be significantly increased in the short run when breaking some constraints assumed for biomass growing, collection and utilization. Evaluation of biomass potential (both standard and additional) is based on a developed methodology using detailed spatial and empirical data (GIS). Potential is determined for the defined area using a bottom-up approach where these yields are derived in relation to climate and soil conditions of each land plot of agricultural and forest land. Results of methodology testing have proven that biomass potential from agriculture and forest land can be significantly increased in the short run (typically from 18% up to 40% in our case studies depending on biomass source and region). There are three major sources of additional biomass potential: reduction of straw ploughed into soil, changes in utilization of harvested timber from forests and shortening of rotation of SRC plantations. Performed analyses show great variations of biomass potential between the regions depending mainly on composition and age distribution of the forests stands in studied regions of similar size.

Bidding zones reconfiguration - Current issues: Literature review, criterions and social welfare

BOOSTING THE BIOMASS POTENTIAL IN CRISIS SITUATIONS - METHODOLOGY AND A CASE STUDY FOR A COGENERATION STATION IN A GIVEN REGION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

  • Autoři: Vavrova, K., Weger, J., prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Ing. Tomáš Králík, Ph.D., Laciok, A.
  • Publikace: PAPERS OF THE 24TH EUROPEAN BIOMASS CONFERENCE: SETTING THE COURSE FOR A BIOBASED ECONOMY. FLORENCE: ETA-FLORENCE RENEWABLE ENERGIES, 2016. p. 11-16. ISSN 2282-5819. ISBN 9788889407165.
  • Rok: 2016
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Paper presents new approach to the determination of biomass potential for "vis major" situations in the defined regions in the Czech Republic. A solid biomass potential (woodchips, timber assortments, straw) for energy purposes is defined as a sum of contributions from conventional agriculture, energy crops and forest logging. The yields of conventional and energy crops are derived for each individual land (farming) plots from the statistical evidence or field data. The paper presents two approaches to the biomass potential determination - so called "standard potential" (i.e. market partitioned and long-term sustainable) and "additional potential" which is increased by a short-term violation of some agronomic and market rules or environmental constraints. Our study shows that it is possible to significantly increase the amount of energy biomass (standard potential) within one year depending on local sources and conditions. The source with the best additional potential are forests, depending on the age and species composition.

Matching supply and demand: grid and storage

  • Autoři: Hertwich, E.G., doc. Ing. Jan Weinzettel, Ph.D., Bouman, E., Gibon, T., Arvesen, A., prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc.,
  • Publikace: Green Energy Choices (The Benefits, Risks and Trade-Offs of Low-Carbon Technologies for Electricity Production). United Nations iLibrary, 2016. p. 396-423. ISBN 9789210599603.
  • Rok: 2016
  • DOI: 10.18356/b2f16918-en
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.18356/b2f16918-en
  • Pracoviště: Katedra elektrotechnologie, Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    In this report, the environmental impacts of different electricity supply technologies are analysed on a per-kWh basis and as implemented in International Energy Agency (IEA) scenarios. Energy resources, however, differ in their spatial and temporal distribution. As electricity supply needs to match electricity demand for the reason of stability, a transmission and distribution grid system is required not only to transport the electricity to customers but also to ensure an adequate quality of supply in terms of voltage, frequency, and reliability. The characteristics of resources and technologies for electricity generation, as well as the characteristics of power demand, have important implications for the design of the transmission and distribution system. A high fraction of variable renewable energy (VRE) sources such as wind and solar energy presents a special challenge to system operation; these sources may require energy storage or flexible demand. In this Chapter, we discuss implications for electricity transmission and distribution of different generation technologies and system configurations, evaluate the need for electricity storage, and review assessments of environmental impacts of such systems.

New challenges in RES support

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Haas, Reinhard
  • Publikace: The Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid (IGBSG). Praha: IEEE Czechoslovakia Section, 2016. pp. 82-85. ISBN 978-1-4673-8473-5.
  • Rok: 2016
  • DOI: 10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539425
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1109/IGBSG.2016.7539425
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    In recent years, renewable energy sources (RES) enormously increased their contribution to energy mix of EU member states and esp. power generation based on RES utilization enormously expanded. Feed-in tariff scheme has been widely used instrument of support till now. Massive growth of RES power generation in combination with RES support scheme has significant impact to the power market and the effectiveness of its functioning. Present way of RES support has sheltered the RES from market price signals and they were and still they are operated irrespective the real demand for the electricity. In contrary, present way of RES support in connection with the logic of "energy only market" has led to the significant changes in power supply curve (merit order effect). Development of RES power generation also resulted in enormous increase of extra cost related with RES

Biomass Potential – Biofuels in the Czech Republic

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Vávrová, K., Weger, J.
  • Publikace: Energy for Sustainable Development IV: Evidence from Czech Republic and Austria. Praha: Wolters Kluwer ČR, a. s., 2015. p. 47-62. ISBN 978-80-7478-993-9.
  • Rok: 2015
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Biomass plays an important and growing role in meeting of RES targets both at the EU level and in the Czech Republic. Any reasonable RES policy needs identification of the long-term (sustainable) biomass potential. As sources of easily available waste and residual biomass are quickly depleted, intentionally planted biomass plays an increasingly important role. A geographic information system working with information about the soil and climate conditions in each (agricultural) land plot and biomass yield curves (for each kind of crop) can significantly increase the quality of biomass potential estimates. The paper discusses the present state of biomass utilisation in the EU and the Czech Republic, expected strategies of future biomass utilisation, and basics of a methodology for biomass potential estimation using a GIS approach and high-resolution spatial data. Application of the methodology is demonstrated on an estimate of the biomass potential of agricultural land as a function of land allocated for energy crops (example for the Czech Republic).

Comparing Major Trends in Passenger Car Transport in Austria and the Czech Republic

  • Autoři: Ajanovic, A., prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc.,
  • Publikace: Energy for Sustainable Development IV: Evidence from Czech Republic and Austria. Praha: Wolters Kluwer ČR, a. s., 2015. p. 169-185. ISBN 978-80-7478-993-9.
  • Rok: 2015
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The transport sector is one of the largest emitters of GHG emissions, which are continuously increasing in opposite to other sectors. The largest part of these emissions comes from road transport, particularly from passenger cars. In this paper, we document and analyse historical developments in road passenger transport in Austria and the Czech Republic as well as major indicators and policies implemented.

Competitiveness of Intentionally Planted Biomass for Energy Purposes

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Decision-making on investments in power, cogeneration or heating plants using biomass needs estimates of future biomass prices. A so-called minimum price, which is based on the economic analysis of a project aimed at intentionally planted biomass, can be used for setting the bottom limit of a future biomass price. When calculating the bottom biomass price estimate, one also has to respect alternative options for agricultural land utilisation for conventional crops. The upper limit for the biomass price from the demand side point of view should be based on an economic evaluation of substitution of conventional fuels with biomass. The paper presents methodological approaches for modelling of biomass prices from these different points of view as well as results of model calculations for the conditions of the Czech Republic.

Competitiveness of intentionally planted biomass with conventional fuels - the impact of logistic chains to energy and economic effectiveness

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The paper focuses on biomass price from supplier (producer) point of view and presents methodology of calculation so called minimum price of biomass which ensure the required economic effect (rate of return) to the consumer. Biomass producer has two different points of view to the biomass price - first one is based on the evaluation of economic effectiveness of projects aimed at biomass planting for energy purposes (special kinds of energy crop) and the second one results from the analysis of competitive possibilities to use agriculture land (for conventional agriculture production). Paper presents the results of calculation of minimum price of biomass from energy crop for the Czech Republic. Second part of the paper deals with biomass logistic chains and related energy losses and cost. Impacts to minimum prices due to inclusion of the full logistic chain for the four most important kind of energy crop is presented.

Effectiveness of biomass for energy purposes: a fuel cycle approach

  • DOI: 10.1002/wene.164
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.164
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The article presents a methodology that allows the complex evaluation of the energy and economic effectiveness of the different kinds of biomass providing, processing and utilization for energy purposes. The methodology is based on identification of the whole fuel cycle for the individual types of grown biomass and conversion technologies used for production of end-use energy products (such as biomethane, liquid biofuels, electricity, and heat). The evaluation of energy efficiency is based on the calculation of the net energy effect resulting from the use of 1 ha of agricultural land to grow biomass for energy purposes respecting differences in biomass fuel cycles due to differences in biomass production, conversion technologies, and end-use energy products. Evaluation of the economic effectiveness of biomass utilization combines efficiency of biomass planting, conversion technologies, and the economic parameters of the individual elements of the fuel cycle. The application of the method is demonstrated on selected cases of biomass fuel cycles in the conditions of the Czech Republic. The methodology can serve as the groundwork for identifying the most effective strategies of biomass utilization for the energy purposes with respect to the limitation of agricultural land availability and the economic effectiveness of end-use energy products providing.

Energy Supply, Energy Consumption and the Environment: the Czech Republic and Austria in an International Context

  • Autoři: Ajanovic, A., prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Haas, R.
  • Publikace: Energy for Sustainable Development IV: Evidence from Czech Republic and Austria. Praha: Wolters Kluwer ČR, a. s., 2015. p. 9-23. ISBN 978-80-7478-993-9.
  • Rok: 2015
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Energy consumption, fuel mixes, energy intensities and energy-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have developed quite differently in various EU countries in recent years. The core objective of this chapter is to provide comparisons for major energy and environmental features, patterns and indicators between the Czech Republic (CR), Austria (AT) and the EU-28.

MODELLING OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT DECOMMISSIONING FINANCING

  • DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv333
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncv333
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Costs related to the decommissioning of nuclear power plants create a significant financial burden for nuclear power plant operators. This article discusses the various methodologies employed by selected European countries for financing of the liabilities related to the nuclear power plant decommissioning. The article also presents methodology of allocation of future decommissioning costs to the running costs of nuclear power plant in the form of fee imposed on each megawatt hour generated. The application of the methodology is presented in the form of a case study on a new nuclear power plant with installed capacity 1000 MW.

Recent Changes and Future Challenges on European Electricity Markets

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Haas, R.
  • Publikace: Energy for Sustainable Development IV: Evidence from Czech Republic and Austria. Praha: Wolters Kluwer ČR, a. s., 2015. p. 95-112. ISBN 978-80-7478-993-9.
  • Rok: 2015
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    In recent years, remarkable changes in electricity generation have taken place in several European countries, notably in Germany. The major ones are: (i) increasing shares of renewables; (ii) very low CO2 prices; (iii) nuclear phase-out in some countries; and (iv) cheap coal (at least cheaper than natural gas). In this chapter, the current situation and the future prospects for renewable resources for elektricity generation in Europe are analysed.

Renewable sources integration in context to electricity market, case Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Abstract. This article deals with the description of situation in the European electricity markets, which have recently changed dramatically. In recent years these markets have been liberalized and also renewable resources have been widely installed in Europe. In this context we can observe a significant shift of volume of traded elektricity from long-term markets to short-term markets, and also a price reduction of the market price of electricity, but the overall rise in electricity prices for the end customer. In connection with new objectives of the European Union in the field of renewable energy sources it can be assumed that the effects of the integration of renewable energy sources will deepen. One way to cope with the negative effects of the integration of renewable energy sources is a thorough analysis of the power production diagram and also accurate identification of factors that influence the shape of this diagram. Just so we are able to cope with the integration of renewable energy sources, and using this knowledge, for example, we can aggregate these power sources into a single portfolio. This concept is called the concept of „virtual power plant” and is one of the ways to effectively deal with the integration of renewable energy sources.

Trends in Renewable Electricity and Corresponding Support Costs in the EU-28 with a Special Focus on the Czech Republic and Austria

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Haas, R., Resch, G.
  • Publikace: Energy for Sustainable Development IV: Evidence from Czech Republic and Austria. Praha: Wolters Kluwer ČR, a. s., 2015. p. 25-45. ISBN 978-80-7478-993-9.
  • Rok: 2015
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Renewable energy sources (RES) are considered to be a promising option for mitigating global warming. To fully harvest these potential benefits, the EU has set ambitious targets to increase the share of RES in energy use. Generation of electricity from renewable energy sources (RES-E) plays a very specific role in this context.

Modeling of biomass potential from agricultural land for energy utilization using high resolution spatial data with regard to food security scenarios

  • Autoři: Vávrová, K., prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Weger, J.
  • Publikace: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2014, 35 436-444. ISSN 1364-0321.
  • Rok: 2014
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2014.04.008
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.04.008
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The paper presents results of modeling biomass potential under different scenarios of agricultural land utilization, which represent strategies of national food security. High resolution spatial data (GIS) including valuation of agricultural land, maps of actual utilization of agricultural land, yields of annual food crops and yield curves of perennial energy crops derived from empirical field data were used. The biomass sources used were residual straw from conventional agriculture crops (cereals, rape) and lignocellulose biomass from perennial energy crops (poplar, willow, Miscanthus, reed canary grass, hybrid sorrel, and other grasses). Biomass potential is modeled using original methods and algorithms that enabled the respecting of several its limitations (nature and soil protection, competition of crops for land, and use of straw for animal production). For the actual modeling—calculating the biomass potential for a given territory—a geographic information system is used (software TopoLˆ). Results of analyses confirmed that residual of biomass has good potential as source of energy in the Czech Republic (about 121 PJ/year which equals to 6.8% of primary energy sources used in 2012), though the total number is lower than in previous assessments. Modeling also showed that biomass potential is non-linearly dependent on land allocated for energy crops. Soil and climate conditions of agricultural land allocated (available) for biomass production and its suitability for new energy crops play the decisive role in the definition of future biomass potential from agriculture land. Practical outputs of the modeling are yield maps of individual and mixed biomass sources as well as databases of biomass potential under different food security scenarios for regions of the Czech Republic, which can be used for planning of sustainable development of bioenergy.

Modelling of Nuclear Power Plant Decommissioning Financing

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Paper discusses the different methodologies used by selected European countries for financing of the liabilities related to the nuclear power plant decommissioning. Paper presents methodology of future decommissioning costs allocation as running costs of nuclear power plant in the form of fee imposed to each MWh generated. The application of the methodology is presented in the case study of the new nuclear power plant with installed capacity 1 000 MW.

RES LOAD DIAGRAM ANALYSES - STEP TOWARDS VIRTUAL POWER PLANT

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The integration of new renewable energy sources in large scale, especially intermittent ones, into the existing power grids has become nowadays one of the biggest challenges for the energy sector. The increasing electricity production from RES is causing significant problems within the power grid and several EU states have already introduced various restrictions on further intermittent RES development. These problems result mainly from the low predictability and high volatility of electricity production and they do not affect only the stability of power grid but also the price of electricity on the market as well as the needed amount of system and auxiliary services.Therefore future benefits from successful RES integration can be extensive. One promising way how to integrate and even promote RES and its future development is the concept of virtual power plant.

Analysis of Possible Impacts of Regulatory Framework on the District Heating Systems Development:Case Example of the Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    District heating systems (DHS) have a long tradition in heat delivery in the Czech Republic (CR) and currently app. 38% of households is supplied with heat from DHS. DHS with cogeneration units also importantly contribute to power generation (app. 9.5% of gross power generation in 2012 in CR). Future development of DHS is influenced by several risk factors, e.g.: 1) availability and price of domestic coal and imported natural gas, 2) development of heat consumption (influence of energy savings programs, etc.), 3) state of DHS infrastructure and necessary investments, 4) regulatory framework (applied method of heat price regulation and applied method of cogeneration support, introduction of ecological taxes, impact of trade with emission allowances, etc.). The Paper aims at the analysis of risk factors influencing investors’ decision making and focuses especially on the regulatory framework and the method of heat price regulation.

Biomass as the energy source for critical situations:Case Example of the Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Biomass is the most important renewable energy source for many of Central and Eastern European countries. National Renewable Action Plans assume biomass share on power eneration using renewable energy sources app. 29% and on RES consumption for heating and cooling app. 90% in the year 2020. Biomass as the domestic energy source plays not only important role in RES utilization development, but can also contribute to secure local energy needs in case of critical situations characterised with the failure of energy sources delivery. The Paper presents methodology and the preliminary results of possible biomass contribution to secure energy needs in two kinds of critical situations – temporary failure of energy sources import up to one year, and continually growing deficit of energy sources. The methodology is based on utilization of GIS model used to identify available biomass potential from forestry and from intentionally planted energy biomass on agriculture land taking into account individual time horizons of critical situations. GIS model uses among others information on soil parameters,yields of individual energy crop for given soil parameters,seasonal impacts to biomass potential, individual logistic chains etc.

Jak dál podporovat OZE po roce 2020

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Článek analyzuje současný stav výroby elektřiny z OZE v rámci EU a výhled do roku 2020 dle Národních akčních plánů pro obnovitelné zdroje (NREAPs). Druhá část článku se zabývá možným výhledem směřování systému podpor užití OZE pro výrobu elektřiny po roce 2020 a uvádí výsledky projektu BEYOND 2020, který analyzoval možné změny v legislativě podpor užití OZE pro výrobu elektřiny po roce 2020.

MODELING OF BIOMASS POTENTIAL FOR ENERGY AND FOOD SECURITY FROM AGRICULTURAL LAND AND FORESTS FOR LONG TERM HORIZONS (2030)

  • Autoři: Vávrová, K., Weger, J., Bubeník, J., Šedivá, J., prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., doc. Ing. Jiří Vašíček, CSc., Valentová, M., Jirásková, L.
  • Publikace: European Biomass Conference and Exhibition (EU BC&E) Online Proceedings 2013. Florencie: ETA - Florence, 2013. pp. 36-40. ISSN 2282-5819. ISBN 978-88-89407-53-0.
  • Rok: 2013
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Biomass is the most important renewable energy source for many of Central and Eastern European countries. The Czech Republic’s upgraded State Energy Policy assumes growing contribution of energy biomass from approximately 100 PJ to 240 PJ especially area of district heating by the year 2040. Biomass as the domestic energy source plays not only important role in RES utilization development, but can also contribute to secure local energy needs in case of critical situations characterized by the failure of fossil fuels delivery. The paper resents methodology for assessment of biomass potential which could be used to secure energy needs in two types of critical situations – temporary failure of energy sources up to one year (immediate short term crisis) and continually growing deficit of energy sources (long=term permanent crisis). The methodology is based on utilization of GIS model used to identify available biomass potential from forestry and agriculture including expected future contribution of intentionally planted energy biomass. First results of analytical work are presented including maps of biomass potential in 2012 and 2030.

BIOMASS POTENTIAL TO SECURE ENERGY NEEDS IN CRITICAL SITUATIONS: METHODS AND THE CASE EXAMPLE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The paper analyses methodical approach to identification of critical situations, in which the domestic biomass can serve as a source for operation of critical infrastructure, and to identification of the biomass potential that can be mobilized, taking into account time of initiation of the crisis as well as its length.

Economic Assessment of Miscanthus Cultivation for Energy Purposes in the Czech Republic

  • DOI: 10.3775/jie.91.485
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.3775/jie.91.485
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The article is focused on the issues of economic evaluation of Miscanthus cultivation on agricultural land in the Czech Republic. The methodology of economic assessment is based on the calculation of minimum production cost - minimum price of heat in EUR/GJ of heat in biomass. The minimum production cost represents the threshold of economic efficiency of production for the investor and its determination utilizes an economic model capturing all processes related to the cultivation of biomass for energy purposes. Miscanthus vegetation is considered for the production of biomass for direct combustion (a so-called spring harvest after the winter). Input data used in the model come from the experimentally collected data from the research plots of Miscanthus and from the market valuation of the individual activities using 2010 prices. The minimum price of Miscanthus varies between 3-12 EUR/GJ (2010 prices) depending on the yields and the date of harvest.

Effective policies to reach the 20-20-20 target:biomass use for energy purposesin the Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The chapter outlines an approach to setting effective support schemes that will reach the targets effectively. The systemic approach is presented on a case study of the main renewable energy source in the Czech Republic: the biomass.

EFFECTIVENESS OF BIOMASS DEVELOPMENT: LIFE-CYCLE COSTS ANALYSIS

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The method presented in the paper allows evaluating the net energy effect of use of 1 ha of agricultural land for energy biomass. The method is based on identification of the whole fuel cycle for specific types of biomass and conversion technologies used for production of end-use energy products (such as bio methane, liquid biofuels, electricity and heat). The method of net energy effect is demonstrated on three cases of different biomass fuel cycles. Based on the net energy effect of biomass use, the method to calculate specific costs of energy production, respecting different fuel cycles, is presented. The methods presented in the paper can serve for instance for evaluation of biomass potential on agricultural land and for selection of the optimum mix of energy biomass use.

Energetika - prognóza versus realita po dvaceti letech

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc.,
  • Publikace: Prognostické metody a jejich aplikace. Praha: BECK C. H., 2012. p. 177-189. Beckova edice ekonomie. vol. 1. ISBN 978-80-7179-174-4.
  • Rok: 2012
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Případová studie prezentuje obtížnost modelování budoucího vývoje spotřeby primárních energetických zdrojů. Komparuje dopad studie z roku 1989 a aktuální potřeby z roku 2012.

Metodika tvorby cenových map biomasy na zemědělské půdě s využitím GIS

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Současná a především budoucí cena biomasy je jedním z klíčových aspektů rozhodování investorů jak do cíleného pěstování biomasy pro energetické účely na zemědělské půdě, tak i investorů do užití biomasy pro výrobu elektřiny a/nebo tepla. Informace o současných cenách biomasy, kdy trh s biomasou je především postaven na užití zbytkové a odpadní biomasy, mají pouze omezené užití pro rozhodovací úlohy zaměřené na budoucnost. Spodní mez budoucí ceny biomasy lze odhadnout pomocí metodiky minimální ceny. Tato metodika je postavena na simulování hotovostních toků projektů založených na pěstování jednotlivých energetických plodin na zemědělské půdě. Minimální cena biomasy pro danou plodinu je odvozena z podmínky, že čistá současná hodnota budoucích hotovostních toků (NPV) se rovná nule. Investor pak dosahuje požadovaného výnosu na vložený kapitál. Metodika tvorby cenových map pro jednotlivé energetické plodiny pracuje s přiřazením konkrétního výnosu biomasy pro konkrétní pozemek evidovaný v LPIS pomocí systému HPKJ/BPEJ.

Modelování ceny biomasy ze strany nabídky a poptávky

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Rozhodování o realizaci investic do energetických zařízení využívajících biomasu vyžaduje odhad možné budoucí ceny biomasy. Pro stanovení spodního limity ceny biomasy (strana nabídky) lze využít metodiku minimální ceny produkce založené na simulování hotovostních toků projektů pěstování biomasy. Při stanovení spodního limitu ceny biomasy je nutné respektovat ekonomickou efektivnost alternativního užití zemědělské půdy při pěstování klasických zemědělských plodin. Limit ceny biomasy z hlediska poptávky je dán cenou substituovaných paliv při respektování vyvolaných efektů jako jsou úspory emisních povolenek apod. Článek prezentuje metodická východiska pro ceny biomasy ze strany nabídky a poptávky. Zároveň uvádí konkrétní hodnoty výsledků výpočtu možného rozpětí ceny biomasy s využitím konkrétních údajů o pěstování lesknice rákosovité a plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin (RRD), o rentabilitě pěstování klasických zemědělských plodin a limitních cen biomasy z hlediska substituovaných paliv (tříděného hnědého uhlí) pro domácnost a energetického hnědého uhlí pro výrobu elektřiny spoluspalováním biomasy a hnědého uhlí.

MODELOVÁNÍ VÍCENÁKLADŮ PLYNOUCÍCH Z VÝROBY ELEKTŘINY NA BÁZI OZE V HORIZONTU 2020

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Obnovitelné zdroje energie nejsou při výrobě elektrické energie v současné době ekonomicky konkurenceschopné oproti "klasickým" zdrojům elektrické energie a jejich rozvoj je nutno ekonomicky podporovat zvoleným systém podpor. Tento článek analyzuje současný stav a v oblasti vícenákladů OZE pro výrobu elektrické energie a v návaznosti na něj modeluje vývoj výroby elektřiny na bázi OZE a s tím související náklady systému podpor v horizontu roku 2020.

Economic Barriers Slowing Down Development of Intentionally Planted Biomass for Energy Purposes - a Lessons Learnt in the Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Biomass is expected to play significant role in RES utilization development in next few decades, but its potential is limited by the availability of land, economic and other barriers. Intentionally planted biomass for energy purposes competes with classical agricultural production and with biomass for liquid biofuels production. All these options differ in the economic effectiveness from farmers' point of view, time horizons and in level of associated risk. Level of risk associated with the biomass production for energy purposes is influenced by factors such as policy of agricultural subsidies, structure of land ownership and typical length of land rental contracts or way of inclusion of biomass production variation (as the result of uncontrollable weather conditions etc.). Besides higher risk there are other economic barriers slowing down development of biomass growth on agriculture land.

ECONOMIC MODEL OF ENERGY CROPS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Havlíčková, K., Weger, J., Šedivá, J.
  • Publikace: 19th European Biomass Conference-From Research to Industry and Markets. Munich: WIP - Renewable Energies, 2011. pp. 238-243. ISBN 978-88-89407-55-4.
  • Rok: 2011
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Future biomass price is the result of market equilibrium between biomass supply and demand curves. So called minimum prices are the outputs from these economic models. Minimum price can be valuated as long term marginal costs of given biomass type.

EKONOMIKA CÍLENÉHO PĚSTOVÁNÍ ENERGETICKÝCH PLODIN V KRAJI VYSOČINA

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Vávrová, K.
  • Publikace: Průhonice: Výzkumný ústav Silva Taroucy pro krajinu a okrasné zahradnictví, 2011. ISSN 0374-5651. ISBN 978-80-85116-83-0.
  • Rok: 2011

Ekonomika pěstování energetických travin pro bioplynové stanice

EKONOMIKA PĚSTOVÁNÍ OZDOBNICE PRO ENERGETICKÉ ÚČELY V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE

Modelling of biomass prices for bio-energy market in the Czech Republic

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Weger, J., Havlíčková, K.
  • Publikace: Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory. 2011, 19(9), 1946-1956. ISSN 1569-190X.
  • Rok: 2011

Nuclear Energy in Czechoslovakia. An Outline and Description of Its Development Trends.

  • DOI: 10.3917/ahe.009.0059
  • Odkaz: https://doi.org/10.3917/ahe.009.0059
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Article deals with historical development of Nuclear Energy in Czechoslovakia. It describes uranium mining, analyzes the development of the Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering CTU in Prague and the Institute for Nuclear Research in Rež. It also deals with decisions about the construction of nuclear power plants in Jaslovske Bohunice, Mochovce and Temelin. Contribution characterizes the approach of Czechoslovakia forming the world's nuclear power industry since 1945.

Possible Pitfalls In Feed-In Tariff Support Scheme - A Lessons Learnt From PV Boom In the Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Methodology of feed-in tariffs (FIT) determination is based on rate of return approach in the Czech Republic. Since the mid. of 2008 many of FIT scheme pitfalls started to occur - e.g. strong lobbyism during reference projects update, limitation of FIT values reduction for new projects leading to inadequately high FIT values, different rate of return on equity capital for different kind of consumers resulting from WACC approach in discount rate determination, absence of any roof for any RES kind, etc. These pitfalls have led to the unexpected development of RES utilization for power generation, boom of PV projects, and enormous increase of cost of support scheme potentially resulting in unacceptable growth of electricity prices. Paper analyses possible pitfalls of the Czech FIT scheme and discusses effects of these FIT scheme pitfalls on FIT values and to the cost of support scheme.

Transaction Costs of Energy Efficiency Programmes in the Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The paper assesses transaction costs of the energy efficiency programmes in the Czech Republic. It is argued that unless transaction costs are taken into evaluation when assessing the effectiveness of the programmes, the decisions made can be suboptimal from the system point of view. The Operational Programme Environment under EU Structural Funds is analysed as a case study. Transaction costs on the side of the applicant and the administration body are assessed. The conclusions are that the level of transaction costs is much higher on the side of the applicant and may reach 15 % of the value of investment, whereas the transaction costs of the administration body reach ca 3 %. Both shares are expected to be the lower bound of the estimate.

Analýza potenciálu biomasy v České republice

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Úvodní dvě kapitoly se věnují objasnění definic jednotlivých druhů potenciálu a možným zdrojům biomasy. Třetí kapitola je věnována analýze mapových podkladů a jejich využitelnosti při výpočtu potenciálu biomasy. Čtvrtá kapitola obsahuje základní charakteristiky osmi vybraných lignocelulózních energetických plodin, perspektivních pro podmínky ČR. Potenciál biomasy na zemědělské půdě je věnován stanovení potenciálu biomasy ze zemědělské půdy. Tento postup je založen na přiřazování výnosů jednotlivých zdrojů biomasy ze zemědělské půdy podle BPEJ. Potenciál lesních těžebních zbytků se zabývá stanovením množství využitelné dendromasy nehroubí v lesních porostech ČR. Ekonomika energetické biomasy popisuje na základě obecných ekonomických pravidel hodnocení podnikatelských projektů metodiku vytváření ekonomických modelů pro hodnocení ekonomické efektivnosti projektů zaměřených na získávání jednotlivých druhů a forem biomasy.

Economic efficency of energy crop

  • Autoři: Havlíčková, K., prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Weger, J.
  • Publikace: The Proceedings of the 18th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition. Florencie: ETA - Florence, 2010, pp. 288-291. ISBN 978-88-89407-56-5.
  • Rok: 2010
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Paper deals with methodology of economic effectiveness calculation for energy crop on agriculture field. Minimum price from investor's point of view is used as the main criterion of economic effectiveness evaluation. Paper presents results of minimum price calculation for Reed canary grass used for direct burning or as an input into biogas station. Current business condition of the Czech Republic and data collected from experimental fields of Reed canary grass are used for calculation.

Effectiveness of Feed-in Tariff Scheme - A Lessons Learnt in the Czech Republic

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc.,
  • Publikace: Energy Economy, Policies and Supply Security: Surviving the Global Economic Crisis. Cleveland: IAEE, 2010, ISSN 1559-792X.
  • Rok: 2010
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Feed-in tariffs (FIT) are one of the most important tools for renewable energy sources (RES) support for power generation. Paper is focused on analysis of economic methodology used for FIT definition and the identification of shortages of the Czech FIT support scheme.

Ekonomická efektivnost OZE pro výrobu elektřiny - současnost a budoucnost

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Referát se zabývá současným stavem podpor užití OZE pro výrobu elektřiny - rekapituluje metodiku podpory prostřednictvím výkupních cen a zelených bonusů a diskutuje možné změny v systému podpor a vazeb na připravovanou novelizaci zákona 180/2005 Sb. Referát se současně zabývá širšími aspekty efektivnosti podpor do užití OZE.

Energy for Sustainable Development II

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Book presents results of mutual research activity of Czech - Austrian energy expert group (CZ-AT-EEG) in the period 2005-2009. It deals with interdisciplinary task of energy and the society. The basis of the methodology approach is economic analysis of state intervention analysis in the context of EU energy market development. The detailed case studies are aimed at conditions in the Czech Republic and in the Austria. Following topics were analysis among others: relationship of energy and environmental policies, power market, renewable energy sources, transportation and energy efficiency in buildings.

Modelling of biomass prices in the Czech Republic

  • Autoři: Havlíčková, K., prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Šedivá, J.
  • Publikace: The Future of Energy: Global Challenges, Diverse Solutions. Cleveland: IAEE, 2010, ISSN 1559-792X.
  • Rok: 2010
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Paper deals with methodology of biomass price modeling using economic model of the reference project of given kind of energy crop. Paper presents results of biomass price modeling for various kind of energy crop using business conditions of the Czech Republic and data obtained from experimental fields.

Oponentní posudek - Připojování OZE do ES ČR

Transaction Costs in Energy Efficiency Policies in the Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The paper analyses transaction costs in energy efficiency programmes in the Czech Republic. The paper presents analysis of effectiveness of the programmes through the theory of transaction costs.

Detailed Look on Biomass Utilization Effectiveness - Case Example of the Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Paper presents results of specific effects of different possibilities of biomass utilization in the conditions of the Czech Republic. Calculated specific effects of biomass utilization can be also used for comparison of effectiveness of other RES support including biofuels.

Does Czech Support Scheme for RES-E Projects Lead to Effective System Solutions?

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Czech support scheme for RES utilization for power generation creates good conditions for the investors. Application of the methodology of specific effect could compare different strategies for CO2 emission reduction and can help to find optimum mix of measures.

Effectiveness of Biomass Utilization in the Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Biomass utilization has different effectiveness measured by environmental factors - like CO2 savings. Application of theory of specific effect can help to identify an optimum system (state) strategy of biomass support.

Ekonomika pěstování lesknice rákosovité pro energetické účely

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Clánek se věnuje ekonomickému hodnocení pěstování lesknice rákosovité na zemědělské půdě v ČR. Pro ekonomické hodnocení je použita metodika minimální ceny produkce, kdy se na základě ekonomických modelů pro dané vstupy stanovuje taková cena biomasy, která zajišťuje pro investora přiměřený výnos z vloženého kapitálu. Porosty lesknice rákosovité mohou být zaměřeny na produkci biomasy buď pro přímé spalování (jarní sklizeň) nebo na produkci biomasy pro bioplynovou stanici (letní sklizeň). Použité vstupní údaje v modelu pocházejí z experimentálně zjištěných dat na výzkumných plochách a z tržního ocenění jednotlivých činností.

Konkurenceschopnost cíleně pěstované biomasy

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Článek se zabývá modelováním budoucí ceny biomasy na základě analýzy faktorů na straně nabídky a poptávky v podmínkách České republiky. Faktory na straně nabídky ovlivňují ekonomickou efektivnost projektu a očekávání investorů. Mezi faktory na straně poptávky patří zejména ceny konkurujících energetických komodit, ceny emisních povolenek, regulatorní opatření státu. Článek uvádí výsledky modelování ceny biomasy na základě modelování vlivu jednotlivých relevantních faktorů na straně poptávky a nabídky. Produkce je biomasy pro energetické účely je reprezentována porosty RRD, lesknice rákosovité a ozdobnice čínské. Z výsledků analýzy vyplývá, že cíleně pěstovaná biomasa bude konkurenceschopná v horizontu cca 5 let.

Myths and Facts on Standby Power Energy Saving Potential - Czech Republic Case Study

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The paper assesses various attainable levels of electricity savings resulting from reducing standby energy consumption. The energy savings potential is analysed taking into account the existing regulation, the lifetime of different appliances or their sales, as well as willingness of the users to change their behaviour (e.g. use simple standby reduction devices). Two domestic appliance categories, which are the most significant in terms of standby power in Central Eastern Europe (represented by the Czech Republic), are addressed: home entertainment equipment and office equipment. With respect to the retail store survey results, potential implications on the design of the products are examined and also use of simple standby reduction devices, as a complement to (hard) regulatory measures, is assessed.

Real Look to Limits of Biomass Potentials - Application of GIS in Conditions of Czech Republic?

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Havlíčková, K., Suchý, S.
  • Publikace: 17th European Biomass Conference & Exhibition. Florencie: ETA - Florence, 2009. pp. 345-348. ISBN 978-88-89407-57-3.
  • Rok: 2009
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The process of assessing biomass potential from agricultural soils is based on assigning yields of individual biomass sources according to the production soil-ecological units (BPEJ) or the main soil climate units (HPKJ - a part of the BPEJ).The analysis of energy crop suitability is based on the evaluation of crop yields related to individual BPEJ's (soil production capacity).Data from forest management plans can be used to determine in detail the potential of the forest in individual periods according to the plan for silvacultural treatment and major harvest of the wood. Biomass potential for SRC plantation, perennial growth and for residual biomass from forest is presented for selected regions of the Czech Republic. This thorough mapping would enable efficient decision-making not only for the investor but also for the state bodies when realizing projects on biomass utilization and when setting up an efficient support system.

What Is the Competitive Potential of Intentionally Planted Biomass in the Czech Republic?

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Price of biomass is defined by market equilibrium between supply and demand on given market. Market price is influenced by factors on supply and demand sides. Factors on supply side reflect the economic expectations of the biomass producers based on calculation of economic effectiveness of projects for "energy" biomass planting. Factors on demand side include e.g. prices and perspectives of availability of competitive energy commodities (in case of Czech Republic coal is the main competitive fuel to biomass), regulatory interventions of state (e.g. support of biomass utilization for power generation via feed-in tariffs or ecological taxes imposed on fossil fuels), impact of emission allowances etc. Paper deals with modeling of future biomass price based on separate analysis of factors on supply and demand sides.

Cena biomassy kak ključevyj faktor prinjatija rešenija investorom v proektach energetiky v ČR

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Biomasa hraje dominantní roli v rozvoji obnovitelných zdrojů energie v ČR. Kalkulace očekávané ceny biomasy je založena na ekonomickém modelování procesů souvisejících s jejím pěstováním a úpravou.

Cena biomasy a podpora spoluspalování biomasy

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Spoluspalování biomasy ve směsi uhlím je jedním z nejvýznamnějších způsobů výroby elektřiny s využitím OZE. Podpora spoluspalování je založena na kompenzaci zvýšených nákladů souvisejících s užitím biomasy. Klíčovým faktorem ovlivňujícím efektivnost projektů na spoluspalování biomasy a uhlí je cena biomasy. Cena biomasy je dána rovnováhou na trhu s biomasou a ovlivňují ji jak faktory na straně poptávky, tak i na straně nabídky. Spoluspalování biomasy je klíčovým faktorem ovlivňujícím trh s biomasou a určujícím cenu biomasy na trhu s biomasou.

Cena biomasy jako klíčový faktor pro rozhodování

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Biomasa má dominantní roli v rozvoji obnovitelných zdrojů energie v ČR. Příspěvek popisuje metody kalkulace očekávané ceny biomasy, založené na ekonomickém modelování procesů souvisejících s jejím pěstováním a úpravou.

Competitiveness of Biomass from SRC Plantations - Case Study of the Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    This article deals with the effective use of short rotation coppices (SRCs) of fast-growing trees on agricultural soils in the Czech Republic. It focuses on using economic models of these SRCs to calculate the minimal price of biomass produced for energy purposes. The basic principles used to create these models are included along with the minimal production price approach that ensures the investor with a return on invested capital. The model's input data stem from research data obtained on experimental plantation sites where fast growing trees were grown and from the economic calculation of the costs involved in individual activities, specified for the actual conditions of the Czech Republic.

Ekonomické aspekty porostů rychle rostoucích dřevin

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Článek se zaměřuje na výpočet minimální ceny biomasy cíleně pěstované pro energetické účely na základě ekonomických modelů výmladkových plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin.

Ekonomické aspekty užití biomasy pro spoluspalování biomasy a uhlí

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Spoluspalování biomasy ve směsi s uhlím má jeden z největších potenciálů pro další rozvoj užití OZE v ČR a již v současnosti hraje významnou roli ve výrobě elektřiny z OZE.

Factors Influencis Green Bonus Value in Case of Biomass Co-firing

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Methodology of annual green bonuses setting is based on covering extra cost from biomass utilization plus economic motivation to use biomass instead of coal. Support scheme creates transparent conditions for cofiring.

Modeling of Intentionally Planted Biomass Prices in CR

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The above mentioned results of two economic models give the basic information about economic effectiveness of two types of "energy" biomass. Presented data could be interpreted as the basic guidelines for different biomass types comparison and the results can be used for estimations of future price of given form of biomass and setting adequate level of state support. It is necessary to respect the fact that conditions in the various localities can be substantially different and they will influence the biomass production business.

Modelling the Future Biomass Price - Case Example of the Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The price of the particular forms of biomass that is expected to be used for energy purposes (production of electricity and/or heat) is influenced by many different factors. These factors can be divided into two major categories - factors on supply side and factors on demand side. Typical factors on supply side are: subsidies and other types of support, technological development, changes in market prices of inputs. The most important factors on demand side are: ecological taxes imposed to fossil fuels, price of emission allowances, regulatory measures from the side of the government restricting the use of certain kinds of fuel. Others factors on demand side are the regulatory measures from the side of the government increasing the advantageousness of biomass use - for example increase of feed-in tariffs of the electricity generated from RES, price changes of classical energy sources - oil, gas and esp. in the case of the Czech Republic of domestic brown and hard coal

Price of Biomass as Key Factor of Success of Biomass Projects, Current State and Projection for the Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Proper setting of green bonuses value is the crucial thing. Too high value can significantly distort biomass market and RES electricity market. Too low level can inhibit any progress in biomass co-firing with subsequent risk of failure in meeting national indicative target to the year 2010.

Rostlinná biomasa jako zdroj energie

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Kniha shrnuje poznatky z problémových okruhů pěstování biomasy pro energetické účely. Zabývá se technologiemi pěstování a využití energetických rostlin, biodiverzitou ve vazbě na jejich pěstování, výrobou tuhých biopaliv, anaerobní fermentací. Součástí je i ekonomika pěstování energetických plodin, zahrnující tvorbu ekonomických modelů pro stanovení ceny různých druhů biomasy a zpracované modely pro plantáž RRD, lesknici rákosoitou a anaerobní fermentaci.

What are the Major Barriers of RES-E Penetration in the Czech Republic?

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Support scheme based on Act 180/2005 created system conditions for RES-E project development. But different barriers slow faster development of this branch down. Application of uniform rules in methodology of feed-in tariffs and green bonuses setting can result in worse economic condition to run these projects in case of small and medium enterprises (incl. municipalities). But economic support scheme is not only one decisive factor for RES-E project development in the Czech Republic. Other barriers should be analyzed and systematically eliminated.

Analýza potenciálu biomasy s využitím geografických informačních systémů

Assessing the Economic Aspects of Sort Rotation Coppices

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    This article deals with the effective use of short rotation copices (SRCs) of fast growing trees on agricultural soil in the Czech Republic. It focuses on using economic models of these SRCs to calculate the minimal price of biomass producen energy purposes. The basic principles used to create these models are included along with the minimal prosuction price approach that ensures the investor with a return on invested capital. The models input data stem from research data obtained on experimental plantation sites where fast growing trees were grown and from the economic calculation on the costs involved activities, specified for the actual condition of the Czech Republic.

Biomass Utilization for Electricity Generation in the Czech Republic - Analysis of Support Scheme and Barriers of Biomass Utilization

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Paper presents the methodology of the green bonuses and feed-in tariffs calculations for the Czech Republic valid for the year 2007 including the differentiation for different types of biomass. The way of business risk inclusion into calculations is discussed as well. The results of the analysis of other barriers for higher biomass utilization in the Czech Republic are the integral part of the paper.

Complex Analysis of Renewable Energy Sources for Electricity Production

Economic Models for Analysis of Economic Effectiveness of Different Types of Biomass in the Czech Republic

Ekonomické využití biomasy

Ekonomika výroby elektřiny z bioplynu a dalších obnovitelných zdrojů elektřiny a tepla

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Příspěvek popisuje metodiku výpočtu minimální ceny elektřiny z OZE jako podkladu pro stanovení výkupních cen elektřiny s respektováním principů definovaných zákonem 180/2005 Sb. Ekonomicky racionální přístup k nastavení výkupních cen je založen na výpočtech minimální ceny jednotky produkce, což je cena, která zajistí dosažení nulové hodnoty NPV projektu. Investor pak dosahuje výnosu z vloženého kapitálu ve výši diskontu, který je chápán jako vážený náklad kapitálu (WACC). Závěrečná část příspěvku uvádí příklad ekonomiky zdroje využívajícího bioplyn z bioplynové stanice.

Financial support of renewable energy sources, its effectiveness and consequences to business

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Support scheme for RES utilization for electricity generation in the Czech Republic is based on feed-in tariffs and green bonuses paid to the producers by distribution companies. Tariffs and bonuses are derived from NPV calculation for reference project for given rate of return. Tariffs and bonuses are currently differentiated only by the type of RES and year of start of operation.

GIS metodika potenciálu biomasy

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Příspěvek se zabývá problematikou metodiky analýzy potenciálu biomasy s využitím geografického informačního systému. Pro zjištění produkčního potenciálu reziduální biomasy (slámy) z konvenčního zemědělství bylo využito závislosti výnosů pšenice a trvalých travních porostů (TTP) na bonitačně půdně ekologických jednotkách (BPEJ). Pro lesní těžební zbytky byla vypočtena bezpečná hodnota, kterou je možné z porostu odebírat. Produkční potenciál rychle rostoucích dřevin (RRD) je odvozen z výsledků výzkumných prací VÚKOZ Průhonice.

Komplexní analýza obnovitelných zdrojů energie pro výrobu elektřiny

Market Value of Electricity Generated Based on RES Utilization

Methodology for Anallysing the Potential of Biomass as Renewable Source of Energy in the Czech Republic

Obnovitelné zdroje energie a možnosti jejich uplatnění v ČR

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Studie vytvořená nezávislými odborníky souhrnně mapuje stav a potenciál využitelnosti obnovitelných zdrojů v podmínkách České republiky. Zvažuje technické, ekonomické i legislativní předpoklady, podmínky a možnosti.

Renewable Energy Sources in the Czech Republic for Electricity Generation - Current State and Opened Question from Economic Point View

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc.,
  • Publikace: The Role of Renewable Energy in Central and Eastern Europe Countries. Vienna: Vienna University of Technology, 2007. p. 1-12.
  • Rok: 2007

Setting Discount Rate for Green Bonus Calculation - Case Example of the Czech Republic

Setting Discount Rate for Green Bonus Calculation - Case Example of the Czech Republic

Short Rotation Coppice for Energy Purposes - Growing Methods and Plantation Economy in Conditions of the Czech Republic

  • Autoři: Havlíčková, K., Weger, J., Vrátný, F., prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc.,
  • Publikace: Ekonomika, ekologija i obščestvo Rosiji v 21-m stoletiji. St. Petersburg: Saint-Petersburg State Technical University, 2007. p. 243-249.
  • Rok: 2007

Výkupní ceny elektřiny a zelené bonusy za elektřinu z OZE

Zoning of Agricultural Land for Willow and Poplar as a Tool to Increase Biomass Production Efficiency and to Prevent Risk of Biomass Production

  • Autoři: Weger, J., prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Havlíčková, K., Vlasák, P.
  • Publikace: 15th European Biomass Conference & Exhibition. Florencie: ETA - Florence, 2007, pp. 296-299. ISBN 3-936338-21-3.
  • Rok: 2007

Cena 1 GJ štěpky z výmladkové plantáže rychle rostoucích dřevin

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Článek se věnuje problematice výpočtu ceny štěpky z výmladkových plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin. Použité vstupní údaje v ekonomickém modelu pocházejí z experimentálně zjištěných dat na výzkumných plochách plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin a z ekonomických propočtů nákladovosti jednotlivých činností s respektováním aktuálních podmínek ČR. Druhá část článku se zabývá problematikou dotací na založení výmladkových plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin, které jsou jedním z klíčových faktorů ovlivňující ekonomickou efektivnost plantáží.

Ekonomika biomasy

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Cena biomasy jako paliva rozhoduje o její konkurenceschopnosti ve vztahu k ostatním, klasickým druhům paliv a o případné míře podpory biomasy. Referát shrnuje výsledky modelování ceny biomasy pro tři konkrétní ekonomické modely - pěstování rychle rostoucích dřevin, trvalé travní porosty a modelu pro zpracování lesních těžebních zbytků.

Ekonomika biomasy z výmladkových plantáží a rychle rostoucích dřevin

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Článek se zabývá principem tvorby ekonomických modelů pro odvozování ceny cíleně pěstované biomasy z pohledu ekonomické efektivnosti investora. Detailně je diskutován ekonomický model plantáže rychle rostoucích dřevin a jsou uvedeny typické hodnoty nákladových cen pro jednotlivé procesy.

Ekonomika jednotlivých zdrojů biomasy

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc.,
  • Publikace: Metodika analýzy potenciálu biomasy jako obnovitelného zdroje energie. Průhonice: VÚKOZ, 2006, pp. 1-17.
  • Rok: 2006

Ekonomika výmladkových plantáží a cena biomasy

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Článek se věnuje problematice ekonomického hodnocení pěstování výmladkových plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin (RRD) na zemědělské půdě. Kromě zásad ekonomického hodnocení projektů pomocí ekonomických modelů je zde popsán ekonomický model výmladkové plantáže (RRD), který byl použit pro výpočet minimální ceny biomasy, která investorovi zajistí požadovaný výnos z vloženého kapitálu. Použité vstupní údaje v modelu pocházejí z experimentálně zjištěných dat na výzkumných plochách plantáží RRD a z ekonomických propočtů nákladovosti jednotlivých činností s respektováním aktuálních podmínek v ČR.

Ekonomika výmladkových plantáží rychlerostoucích dřevin pro energetické účely

Ekonomika výroby elektřiny z obnovitelných zdrojů energie a příklad zdroje využívajícího bioplyn

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Příspěvek popisuje metodiku výpočtu minimální ceny elektřiny z OZE jako podkladu pro stanovení výkupních cen elektřiny. Ekonomicky racionální přístup k nastavení výkupních cen je založen na výpočtech minimální ceny, která zajistí dosažení nulové hodnoty NPV projektu. Zelené bonusy jsou druhým nástrojem používaným v ČR pro podporu výroby elektřiny z OZE a představují doplněk (příplatek) k tržní ceně elektřiny. Závěrečná část příspěvku uvádí příklad ekonomiky zdroje využívajícího bioplyn z bioplynové stanice.

Factors Influencing Economics of Short Rotation Coppice

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The article deals with the economics of biomass production used for energy crops. Basic information on growing biomass in SRCs and about establishing the price of this biomass is given based on results of previous research. The minimal price of grown biomass harvested with special mechanisation that assures required profit from invested capital is about 3.2 EUR/GJ. In calculations, all inputs to the process are consistently valued on the basis of market prices respecting also the principle of opportunity cost and current level of subsidy (2000 EUR/ha for plantation foundation). The article also includes discussion on factors that potentially influence the price of produced biomass from SRCs.

Feeding Tariffs and Green Bonuses for Electricity from RES

GIS metodika analýzy potenciálu biomasy pro zájmové území

Hodnocení ekonomické efektivnosti projektů využívajících OZE

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Referát je zaměřen na zásady a metody ekonomického hodnocení projektů z pohledu konkrétních investorů. Jsou uvedeny vztahy pro výpočty ekonomické efektivnosti, podle nichž lze provést výpočty finanční stránky projektů, využívajících obnovitelné zdroje energie.

Metodika analýzy potenciálu biomasy

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Článek se zabývá problematikou metodiky analýzy potenciálu biomasy s využitím geografického informačního systému TopoL xT7.0. Analýza potenciálu v zájmovém území je řešena s těmito zdroji biomasy: obilná sláma, lesní sklizňové zbytky, záměrně pěstovaná biomasa z plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin a biomasou trvalých travních porostů. Pro zjištění produkčního potenciálu reziduální biomasy z konvenčního zemědělství bylo využito závislosti výnosů pšenice a TTP na bonitačně půdně ekologických jednotkách. Pro lesní těžební zbytky byla vypočtena bezpečná hodnota, kterou je možné z porostu odebírat. Produkční potenciál RRD je odvozen z výsledků výzkumných prací VÚKOZ Průhonice.

Metodika analýzy potenciálu biomasy a ekonomika analyzovaných zdrojů

Metodika analýzy potenciálu biomasy jako obnovitelného zdroje energie

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    V publikaci jsou popsány typy a zdroje biomasy včetně širších aspektů biomasy, zejména z hlediska energetické politiky ČR. Dále je proveden výčet digitálních datových zdrojů, potřebných pro zpracování analýzy potenciálu biomasy s využitím GIS. Publikace presentuje metodiku analýzy potenciálu biomasy pro energetické účely. Aplikace metodiky je provedena na konkrétním modelovém území Plzeňského kraje a jeho části.

Porovnání přístupu stanovení výkupních cen za elektřinu z OZE v České republice a v Rakousku

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Při stanovení výkupních (regulovaných) cen elektřiny z OZE je třeba zajistit jak jejich dostatečnou atraktivnost pro investory, tak i sledovat hledisko ekonomické efektivnosti a vícenákladů z hlediska spotřebitelů elektřiny. Výkupní ceny elektřiny z OZE je třeba odvozovat od výpočtů minimální ceny jednotky z pohledu investora. Výpočty minimální ceny jednotky produkce jsou založeny na posouzení referenčních projektů z hlediska celé jejich doby životnosti v reálných ekonomických podmínkách definovaných platnou legislativou a pravidly trhu s elektřinou. Minimální cena jednotky produkce je taková cena, která zajistí dosažení nulové hodnoty NPV projektu. Investor pak dosahuje výnosu z vloženého kapitálu ve výši diskontu použitého pro výpočet NPV. Závěrečná část příspěvku stručně popisuje přístup používaný v Rakousku a provádí základní porovnání s přístupem aplikovaným v ČR.

Stavební kniha 2006 - Systémové řízení budov

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Stavební kniha 2006 se zabývá problematikou systémového řízení budov ve vazbě na současné platné požadavky pravních předpisů, norem a na energetické i enviromentální hodnocení budov.

Support Scheme for Green Electricity in the Czech Republic

The Development of Biomass Markets in CEE

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Kranzl, L., Haas, R., Weger, J.
  • Publikace: Proceedings of 9th Simposium Energieinnovation. Graz: Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz, 2006, pp. 1-15. ISBN 3-902465-31-X.
  • Rok: 2006
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Currently, a variety of European policy targets are focussing on increasing the share of renewable energy. A major part of this share will be based on biomass. This paper deals especially with the development and prospects of biomass market in Austria and the Czech Republic considering the development in whole CEE.

The Selected Aspects of Effectivness of Public Expendictures in the Field of Power Engineering in Link to Sustainable Development Reporting

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Geuss, E.
  • Publikace: The System of Accountng and Reporting for Sustainable Development at Microeconomic and Macroeconomic Levels. Pardubice: Univerzita Pardubice, 2006, pp. 11-16. ISBN 80-7194-866-7.
  • Rok: 2006

Výkupní ceny elektřiny a zelené bonusy za elektřinu z obnovitelných zdrojů energie

Biomasa jako obnovitelný zdroj energie - ekonomické a ekologické aspekty

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Publikace obsahuje podrobný popis růstových a produkčních charakteristik vybraných klonů rychle rostoucích dřevin. V publikaci je zveřejněna rámcová rajonizace sortimentu doporučených klonů rychle rostoucích dřevin, která spolu s podrobným popisem stanovištních nároků klonů má sloužit zejména pěstební praxi. Poslední část publikace se podrobně zabývá problematikou hodnocení ekonomické efektivnosti projektů. Je zde podrobně popsán ekonomický model výmladkové plantáže rychle rostoucích dřevin, který byl použit pro výpočet ceny biomasy, která investorovi zajistí požadovaný výnos z vloženého kapitálu. Použité vstupní údaje v modelu pocházejí z experimentálně zjištěných dat na výzkumných plochách plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin a z ekonomických propočtů nákladovosti jednotlivých činností s respektováním aktuálních podmínek ČR.

Cena biomasy z výmladkových plantáží RRD a faktory ovlivňující její výši

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Referát se zabývá diskuzí faktorů potenciálně ovlivňujících cenu cíleně pěstované biomasy pomocí výmladkových plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin. Mezi nejdůležitější faktory, kromě relace mezi nabídkou a poptávkou po "dřevnaté" biomase (zpravidla ve formě štěpky), patří poplatky za nájmy pozemků, cena pracovní síly, míra mechanizace jednotlivých činností, výše dotací či jiných forem podpor a výše vlastní produkce dřeva ve vazbě na výkyvy počasí a podmínky stanoviště.

Ekonomické aspekty obnovitelných zdrojů energie - zákon 180/2005 o podpoře

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Referát se zabývá současným využitím OZE v ČR a možnostmi budoucího vývoje ve vazbě na ekonomické charakteristiky projektů OZE. Diskutuje dva pohledy na cenu elektřiny z OZE - pohled investora a pohled elektrizační soustavy, resp. odběratelů elektřiny.

Ekonomika obnovitelných zdrojů energie a dopady nového zákona 180/2005 o podpoře OZE

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Článek hodnotí současný stav využití OZE v ČR a další vývoj ve vazbě na systém podpor dle nové legislativy. Popisuje metodiku stanovení regulovaných výkupních cen elektřiny z OZE a dvojí pohled na cenu - hledisko investorů, kteří projekt realizují a hledisko zákazníků, kteří tuto podporu platí v ceně odebrané elektřiny.

Ekonomika pěstování výmladkových plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin pro energetické účely

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Článek se věnuje problematice efektivního pěstování výmladkových plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin (RRD) na zemědělské půdě v České republice. Zaměřuje se na výpočet minimální ceny biomasy cíleně pěstova-né pro energetické účely na základě ekonomických modelů výmladkových plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin. V modelu je uvažováno s mechanizovanou sklizní sklízecím strojem Class Jaguar. V modelu je předpokládáno důsledné ocenění všech potřebných vstupů tržními cenami včetně důsledného respektování principu "opportunity cost".

Ekonomika výmladkových plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Referát se zabývá modelováním ekonomických procesů při pěstování biomasy ve formě plantáží rychlerostoucích dřevin. Na modelovém příkladu se popisuje metodika i číselné výsledky modelu pro stanovení ceny této formy biomasy.

Energetické plodiny v ČR - pěstování výmladkových plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin pro energetické využití na zemědělské půdě

Faktory ovlivňující cenu biomasy jako paliva

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Matematický model ceny cíleně pěstované biomasy pro energetické využití. Diskuse rozhodujících faktorů ovlivňujících cenu biomasy na straně nabídky a na straně poptávky.

Faktory ovlivňující ekonomiku plantáže rychle rostoucích dřevin

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Referát se zabývá diskuzí faktorů potenciálně ovlivňujících cenu cíleně pěstované biomasy pomocí výmladkových plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin. Mezi nejdůležitější faktory, kromě relace mezi nabídkou a poptávkou po "dřevnaté" biomase (zpravidla ve formě štěpky), poplatky za nájmy pozemků, cena pracovní síly, míra mechanizace jednotlivých činností, výše dotací či jiných forem podpor a výše vlastní produkce dřeva ve vazbě na výkyvy počasí a podmínky stanoviště.

Jak jsme na tom s energetickými zdroji

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc.,
  • Publikace: Sborník ze semináře Energie pro 21. století. Praha: AV ČR, 2005, pp. 1-15. Available from: http://www.cas.cz
  • Rok: 2005

Optimalizace veřejné podpory na příkladu podpory obnovitelných zdrojů energie dle zákona 180/2005 Sb

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc.,
  • Publikace: Sborník příspěvků odborných seminářů projektu MŽP VaV-1C/4/23/04. Praha: Oeconomia, 2005, pp. 1-10. ISBN 80-245-0984-9.
  • Rok: 2005

Pěstování a ekonomické hodnocení výmladkových plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin na zemědělské půdě v ČR

Pěstování výmladkových plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin pro energetické využití na zemědělské půdě

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The paper deals with the issue of efficient agricultural methods of growing of short rotation coppices (SRC) on agricultural land in the Czech Republic. Calculation of the minimum price of produced biomass based on economic model of plantation of short rotation coppices (5 ha, 3 year rotation) is presented. The model supposes mechanized harvest by adapted Class Jaguar harvester. The model is based on evaluation of all necessary inputs by market prices including opportunity cost principle.

Promoting Renewables for Electricity Generation - Biomass Potential and Sustainable Development

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Haas, R., Maroušek, J., Resch, G., Steinreiber, Ch., Szomolányiová, J., Weger, J., Hofbauer, H., Kranzl, L.
  • Publikace: Energy for Sustainable Development. Praha: Karolinum, 2005. p. 53-233. ISBN 80-239-4809-1.
  • Rok: 2005
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The chapter deals with utilization of biomass for energy purposes, mainly with state energy policy and biomass role in policy, biomass types, their potential, technologies of biomass utilization and economic aspects of intentionally planted biomass.

Supports of Renewable Energy Sources in the Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The price of electricity from renewable energy sources (RES) can be viewed from two aspects - from the view of the market price of electricity on the electricity market and from the view of the minimum price of electricity that an investor needs to reach to have a reasonable return on capital employed.

Different Aspects of Electricity and Heat Price Produced from Planted Biomass - Case Example of the Czech Republic

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    The system of subsidies for utilization of renewable energy sources (RES) in the CR anticipated in the draft of the "Act on Support for Power Production from RES" is based on the market price of electricity enhanced by added value, the price of so-called green certificate. The price of the green certificate will depend largely on the estimated market price of electricity from individual kinds of RES. However, the system target is not to use RES for electricity production; therefore the suitability of using RES for heat production or for a cogeneration, namely in case of biomass, is to be considered. The scheme of subsidies for utilization of RES is another related issue as well as a question of whether it is more appropriate to use biomass for heat production than for electricity production itself. This paper documents the issue, providing an example of estimated total of subsidies for utilization of RES in 2010, in order to fulfil the goals of EU Directive 2001/77.

Diskuse možných důsledků zákona o podpoře OZE v ČR

Ekonomická analýza bioplynových stanic

Ekonomické aspekty výroby elektřiny v obnovitelných zdrojích

Ekonomické posuzování obnovitelných zdrojů energie

Ekonomika výmladkové platnáže rychle rostoucích dřevin

Faktory ovlivňující ekonomiku plantáže rychle rostoucích dřevin

Hodnocení ekonomické efektivnosti projektů využívajících obnovitelné zdroje energie

Obnovitelné zdroje energie a ekonomické aspekty jejich využívání

Podpory obnovitelných zdrojů energie a teplárenství

Podpory obnovitelných zdrojů energie a teplárenství

Problematika podpor obnovitelných zdrojů energie v ČR - návrh legislativní úpravy

Souvislosti zákona o podpoře obnovitelných zdrojů energie v ČR

SRC Plantations - Possible Future Source of Energy

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Havlíčková, K., Weger, J.
  • Publikace: GreenNet Dissemination Workshop - Pushing a Least Cost Integration of Green Electricity Into the European Grid. Praha: ENVIROS s.r.o., 2004, pp. 1-16. Available from: http://www.greennet.at
  • Rok: 2004

The Economics of Short Rotation Coppices

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    This paper addresses the problem of biomass as a crucial renewable energy source (RES) of energy in connection with execution of individual objectives of the Czech Republic according to both EU Directive 2001/77. The paper uses economic models of coppice plantations of fast-growing tree species to predict long-run marginal costs on biomass grown for the purpose of energy generation. Economic models of plantations include all money flows induced by existence of a particular plantation. The resulting cost of biomass is established on the condition that the investor will gain a profit from the capital invested as long as the plantation exists. Three alternatives of the respective calculation are presented, assuming different ways of plantation operation and ensuring both harvest and financing of some activities. Calculations reflect specific conditions in the Czech Republic and use input data from current experimental areas of coppice plantations of poplar and willow trees.

Vybrané problémy podpory OZE v podmínkách trhu s elektřinou v ČR a vazba na distribuční soustavy

Výmladkové plantáže rychle rostoucích dřevin - možné projekty na úrovni obcí

Alternativní energie pro váš dům

Cena paliva z výmladkové plantáže rychle rostoucích dřevin

Ekonomická efektivnost projektů

Ekonomické aspekty využívání obnovitelných zdrojů energie

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Potenciály obnovitelných zdrojů energie, princip kalkulace výpočtu minimální ceny elektřiny z jednotlivých obnovitelných zdrojů energie, výkupní ceny elektřiny z obnovitelných zdrojů energie

Ekonomika plantáže rychle rostoucích dřevin

Modelový projekt zásobování obce teplem na bázi biomasy

Modelový projekt zásobování obce teplem na bázi biomasy

Modelový propočet ceny biomasy z výmladkové plantáže - low input varianta

Některé problémy přechodu na volný trh s elektřinou

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Willmann, B.
  • Publikace: EE - Odborný časopis pre elektrotechniku a energetiku. 2003, 9(3), 25-27. ISSN 1335-2547.
  • Rok: 2003

Obnovitelné zdroje energie - cíle EU a ČR a legislativní aspekty využívání obnovitelných zdrojů

Pojetí zisku v regulovaných síťových odvětvích

Problémy podpory využití obnovitelných zdrojů energie a společné decentralizované výroby tepla a elektřiny

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Willmann, B.
  • Publikace: EE - Odborný časopis pre elektrotechniku a energetiku. 2003, 9(5), 24-26. ISSN 1335-2547.
  • Rok: 2003
  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Discussion of different ways for renewable energy sources utilization, their utilization and support scheme in CR, effectiveness of support system in relation to system targets - e.g. green house gases reduction

Renewable Energy Sources Support Policy in the Condition of Power Market Creation

Využití analýzy odchylek sazby pro vyhodnocování produktivity obslužných středisek

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc.,
  • Publikace: Vědecký sborník VOX, Controlling. Praha: VOX - Nakladatelství, 2003, pp. 115-139. ISBN 80-86324-29-X.
  • Rok: 2003

Zásady hodnocení ekonomické efektivnosti projektů využívajích obnovitelné zdroje energie

Cena biomasy z plantáží rychle rostoucích dřevin

Cena cíleně pěstované biomasy

Economic Aspects of Biomass Utilisation for Electricity Generation in Power Market Condition

Economic Aspects of Biomass Utilization for Electricity Generation in Power Market Condition

Ekonomická efektivnost pěstování biomasy pro energetické účely

Ekonomická efektivnost projektů pěstování biomasy

Ekonomické aspekty nakládání s radioaktivními odpady a vyhořelým jaderným palivem

Ekonomické hodnocení projektů využívajících obnovitelné zdroje energie

Jak u nás uplatnit obnovitelné zdroje energie?

Model pro odvození ceny za cíleně pěstovanou biomasu - plantáž rychle rostoucích dřevin

Model pro odvození ceny za cíleně pěstovanou biomasu - plantáž rychle rostoucích dřevin

Souvislosti povinného výkupu elektřiny z obnovitelných zdrojů

Výkup elektřiny z obnovitelných zdrojů v podmínkách trhu s elektřinou

Využití analýzy odchylek sazby pro vyhodnocování produktivity obslužných středisek

Využití koncepce minimální ceny jednotky produkce při ekonomickém rozhodování

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc.,
  • Publikace: Sborník statí katedry ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd 2002. Praha: A plus, 2002. p. 67-73. ISBN 80-902514-5-5.
  • Rok: 2002

Ekonomika pěstování matečnice rychle rostoucích dřevin

Ekonomika pěstování matečnice rychle rostoucích dřevin

Internalizace externalit v energetice - výsledky evropského projektu ExternE

Možné způsoby podpory obnovitelných zdrojů v podmínkách trhu s elektřinou

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc.,
  • Publikace: Sborník statí k 50. výročí založení fakulty. Praha: A plus, 2001. p. 51-57. ISBN 80-902514-4-7.
  • Rok: 2001

Renewable Energy Sources and Liberalized Electricity Market

  • Autoři: Trávníček, S., Havlas, P., prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc.,
  • Publikace: Proceedings of Workshop 2001. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2001. pp. 688-689. ISBN 80-01-02335-4.
  • Rok: 2001

Support Schemes for Renewable Energy Sources Utilization in Case of Power Market

Výkup elektřiny z obnovitelných zdrojů v podmínkách trhu s elektřinou

Ekonomická dimenze hodnocení vlivů na životní prostředí

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Geuss, E.
  • Publikace: Environmental Impact Assessment Prague 2000. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2000, pp. 1-4. ISBN 80-01-02239-0.
  • Rok: 2000

Electricity Pricing in Case of Independent Power Producers

Možné způsoby podpory obnovitelných zdrojů v podmínkách trhu s elektřinou

Podpora využívání obnovitelných zdrojů v podmínkách trhu s elektřinou

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Geuss, E.
  • Publikace: Elektroenergetika 2000. Praha: České vysoké učení technické v Praze, 2000, pp. 149-152. ISBN 80-01-02238-2.
  • Rok: 2000

Stanovení cen pro nezávislé výrobce elektřiny

Ekonomická optimalizace v energetice

  • Pracoviště: Katedra ekonomiky, manažerství a humanitních věd
  • Anotace:
    Ekonomické výpočty pro účely hodnocení ekonomické efektivnosti podnikatelských záměrů v energetice - dlouhodobé marginální náklady na elektřinu, diagram zatížení, měrné tržby, kritéria efektivnosti investic.

Ekonomická optimalizace v energetice - prezentace programů

Internal Company Pricing of Energy Division Products

Power Project Appraisal via Multiobjective Decision Making

Větrné elektrárny a ekonomická efektivnost

Cenové modely pro platby služby

Economic Continuites of Reinforcing the Competiting Environment in Power Systems of the Czech Republic

Incorporation of External Cost to Electricity

  • Autoři: prof. Ing. Jaroslav Knápek, CSc., Vrba, M.
  • Publikace: On the Way to Transparency of Energy Systems. Ljubljana: Slovenian Member Comittee WEC, 1997, pp. 116-127.
  • Rok: 1997

Obchod s elektřinou z nezávislých zdrojů

The Models of the Electricity Power System Organization in the Czech Republic

The Specific Revenues of Power Distribution System Elements

Nástroje státu pro usměrňování rozvoje a fungování energetických systémů ve vztahu k ZP

Energy Economy in the Czech Republic - Present State and Prospects

Nejistoty měření - jejich význam, charakter a princip stanovení

Za stránku zodpovídá: Ing. Mgr. Radovan Suk